著者
鬼山 信行
出版者
文教大学
雑誌
言語と文化 = Language and Culture (ISSN:09147977)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.23-37, 2000-03-01

Sentences like "Kodomowa netero"("A child should sleep" or "Sleep!") have third person subjects. When the sentence is uttered, one who corresponds to the description "Kodomo"(a child) is the person who can hear it. As forced not to be second person, (s)he cannot do or say something as a hearer. The speaker cannot order something in uttering the sentence, because (s)he utters it as if there were no hearer. The sentence is uttered not as command but as a recognizing. In Nitta's terminology, its modality should be called as Toihandan (should-be judgment). This modality belongs to the Nobetate (saying), which is distinguished from Hatarakikate, Hyoshutu and Toikake. Other kinds of sentences, which have third person subjects and verbs in Meireikei (ordering form) are also the Toihandan sentences. In Nitta (1991), Ganbo (desire) sentences are placed in Hyoshutu. But the sentences have no agent, and don't expect that there are hearers. So Ganbo sentences should be placed in Nobetate. Perhaps they have toihandan modality. If we put them in Nobetate, Hyoshutu sentences have first person agents only, and are contrasted clealy to Hatarakikake sentences which have second person agents.