著者

Mai Yamada Satoshi Sasaki Kentaro Murakami Yoshiko Takahashi Hitomi Okubo Naoko Hirota Akiko Notsu Hidemi Todoriki Ayako Miura Mitsuru Fukui Chigusa Date

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.119-127, 2010-03-05 (Released:2010-03-05)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

13 26

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Background: The Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan do not include information on trans fatty acids. Previous studies estimating trans fatty acid intake among Japanese have limitations regarding the databases utilized and diet assessment methodologies. We developed a comprehensive database of trans fatty acid food composition, and used this database to estimate intake among a Japanese population.Methods: The database was developed using analytic values from the literature and nutrient analysis software encompassing foods in the US, as well as values estimated from recipes or nutrient compositions. We collected 16-day diet records from 225 adults aged 30 to 69 years living in 4 areas of Japan. Trans fatty acid intake was estimated based on the database and the 16-day diet records.Results: Mean total fat and trans fatty acid intake was 56.9 g/day (27.7% total energy) and 1.7 g/day (0.8% total energy), respectively, for women and 66.8 g/day (25.5% total energy) and 1.7 g/day (0.7% total energy) for men. Trans fatty acid intake accounted for greater than 1% of total energy intake, which is the maximum recommended according to the World Health Organization, in 24.4% of women and 5.7% of men, and was particularly high among women living in urban areas and those aged 30–49 years. The largest contributors to trans fatty acid intake were confectionaries in women and fats and oils in men.Conclusions: Although mean trans fatty acid intake was below the maximum recommended intake of the World Health Organization, intake among subgroups was of concern. Further public health efforts to reduce trans fatty acid intake should be encouraged.

著者

Yukio YAMORI Longjian LIU Katsumi IKEDA Ayako MIURA Shunsaku MIZUSHIMA Tomohiro MIKI Yasuo NARA on Behalf of the WHO-Cardiovascular Disease and Alimentary Comparison (CARDIAC) Study Group

出版者

The Japanese Society of Hypertension

雑誌

Hypertension Research (ISSN:09169636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.453-457, 2001 (Released:2002-03-29)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

89 111

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There is considerable interest in the association between taurine (2-aminoethanesufonic acid) and risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), but little information has been made available on the distribution of taurine in populations around the world. The present study aimed to describe the differences in taurine excretion levels and their associations with IHD mortality rates in 24 populations in 16 countries worldwide. This was a multicenter cross-sectional study. In each center, 100 men and 100 women aged 48-56 years were selected randomly from the local populations. Twenty-four hour urinary taurine excretion was measured using an amino acid analyzer (Hitachi 835, Ibaragi, Japan). Age-adjusted IHD mortality rates in the relevant populations were calculated using the direct standard method. The results indicated that (a) percentiles 25%, 50% and 75% of the distributions of 24-h taurine excretion showed large variations in the study populations. Median values of taurine ranged from 191.6 μmol/day (St John, Canada) to 2,180.6 μmol/day (Beppu, Japan) in males, and from 127.5 μmol/day (Moscow, Russia) to 1,590.0 μmol/day (Beppu, Japan) in females. The highest overall median value of taurine was found in the Japanese population samples, followed by the Chinese samples (Shanghai and Taiwan). European, North American and oceanic Caucasians, however, had much lower median values of taurine, except in the cases of the samples from France and Spain. (b) Median values of taurine were significantly associated negatively with age-adjusted IHD mortality rates across the 24 study population samples in men (R2=0.42, p<0.01), and in women (R2=0.55, p<0.01). These negative associations remained significant after adjustment for serum total cholesterol, body mass index and urinary sodium to potassium ratios. In conclusion, the study provides, for the first time, a cross-sectional database on distribution of 24-h urinary taurine excretion in 24 population samples worldwide. A strong and inverse association between population levels of taurine excretion and IHD mortality was observed. (Hypertens Res 2001; 24: 453-457)

著者

Yoshiro Hadano Kazuhiro Ohwaki Asuka Suyama Ayako Miura Shigeo Fujii Yoshiko Suzuki Yoshitaka Tomoda Yukikazu Awaya

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2868-23, (Released:2023-12-18)

参考文献数

20

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Objective The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread worldwide, and hospitals in Japan have been forced to respond to the situation. This study evaluated the broad-spectrum antimicrobial use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in an acute tertiary-care hospital. Methods This single-center, retrospective study was conducted between January 2019 and June 2021. Patients We reviewed patients treated with three broad-spectrum antipseudomonal agents: carbapenems, tazobactam/piperacillin, and cefepime. Monthly aggregated hospital antimicrobial consumption was measured as days of therapy (DOTs) per 1,000 patient-days, and the monthly incidences of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA), and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) were recorded. Results The median monthly carbapenem-DOTs during the pre-pandemic and pandemic era were 8.4 and 8.2 per 1,000 patient-days, respectively. A time-series analysis showed non-significant changes in the level between periods (coefficients: 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.9 to 7.0; p=0.44). No change in the trend of monthly carbapenem-DOTs was observed after intervention. No post-intervention changes in the incidence of MRPA or CPE were observed; however, the trend in the incidence of CDI per 1,000 patient-days significantly differed between the two periods (coefficient: -0.04; 95% CI: -0.07, 0.00; p=0.01), and a downward trend was observed in the monthly CDI incidence during the COVID-19 period. Conclusion The consumption of broad intravenous antimicrobial agents has not changed significantly during the pandemic. We need to maintain the quality of medical care, including antimicrobial stewardship, even in specialized resource-limited facilities during a pandemic.