- 著者
- Hiroshi MATSUMOTO Toshiyuki NAKAO Tomonari OKADA Yume NAGAOKA Fumihiro TAKEGUCHI Ryo TOMARU Hideaki IWASAWA
- 出版者
- The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
- 雑誌
- Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.43, no.8, pp.668-673, 2004 (Released:2005-03-04)
- 参考文献数
- 18
- 被引用文献数
- 16 20
Objective There have been few studies on cyclosporine (CsA) monotherapy in adult minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). To delineate CsA therapy as new treatment options for MCNS, we conducted a prospective single-center study. Methods We assessed the efficacy of 3 different regimens in 36 patients, consisting of 26 first attacks or 10 relapses, of adult-onset MCNS. In 12 patients, CsA alone was given orally at a dose of 2-3 mg/kg/d, and in 12 patients, CsA after intravenous pulse methylprednisolone therapy (CsA/PMT) was given at the same dose. CsA was given for 12 months, tapered slowly, then stopped. The other 12 patients were treated with oral prednisolone (PSL, 40-60 mg/d) alone for 4 to 6 weeks, followed by daily PSL, with slowly tapering doses. Results Complete remission (CR) was obtained in 75% with CsA alone, 100% with CsA/PMT and 92% with PSL alone (p=0.0379). The days required for CR were shortest in the CsA/PMT group (40.9±35.5 days with CsA alone vs. 11.0±5.6 with CsA/PMT vs. 21.5±15.8 with PSL alone). The cumulative rates of CR were significantly different among the 3 groups (p<0.0001). The real numbers of the relapse were smallest in the CsA/PMT group, however, the cumulative rates of sustained remission among the 3 treatment arms were not statistically different. Renal function was well preserved with each treatment period. CsA-associated adverse effects were minimal but one patient developed new-onset hypertension and gingival hyperplasia. However, the adverse effects of PSL alone were serious in 3 cases: bleeding from gastric ulcer, diabetes mellitus, and aseptic necrosis. Many patients with PSL but few with CsA experienced cosmetic problems. Conclusions CsA/PMT may be the most advantageous when the clinical efficacy of each treatment for MCNS is integrated.
- 著者
- Zenta TAKATSU Muneya TSUDA Akio YAMADA Hiroshi MATSUMOTO Akira TAKAI Yasuhiro TAKEDA Mitsunori TAKASE
- 出版者
- JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
- 雑誌
- Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.79, no.3, pp.524-533, 2017 (Released:2017-03-18)
- 参考文献数
- 31
- 被引用文献数
- 6 8
Hand-reared elephant calves that are nursed with milk substitutes sometimes suffer bone fractures, probably due to problems associated with nutrition, exercise, sunshine levels and/or genetic factors. As we were expecting the birth of an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), we analyzed elephant’s breast milk to improve the milk substitutes for elephant calves. Although there were few nutritional differences between conventional substitutes and elephant’s breast milk, we found a large unknown peak in the breast milk during high-performance liquid chromatography-based amino acid analysis and determined that it was glucosamine (GlcN) using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. We detected the following GlcN concentrations [mean ± SD] (mg/100 g) in milk hydrolysates produced by treating samples with 6M HCl for 24 hr at 110°C: four elephant’s breast milk samples: 516 ± 42, three cow’s milk mixtures: 4.0 ± 2.2, three mare’s milk samples: 12 ± 1.2 and two human milk samples: 38. The GlcN content of the elephant’s milk was 128, 43 and 14 times greater than those of the cow’s, mare’s and human milk, respectively. Then, we examined the degradation of GlcN during 0–24 hr hydrolyzation with HCl. We estimated that elephant’s milk contains >880 mg/100 g GlcN, which is similar to the levels of major amino acids in elephant’s milk. We concluded that a novel GlcN-containing milk substitute should be developed for elephant calves. The efficacy of GlcN supplements is disputed, and free GlcN is rare in bodily fluids; thus, the optimal molecular form of GlcN requires a further study.
- 著者
- JUN-ICHI YAMASHITA SETSUO TAKEDA HIROSHI MATSUMOTO TADAFUMI TERADA NORIO UNEMI MITSUGI YASUMOTO
- 出版者
- The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, no.5, pp.2090-2094, 1987-05-25 (Released:2009-10-19)
- 参考文献数
- 14
- 被引用文献数
- 6 6
Various O-acyl and N-acyl derivatives of 2'-deoxy-5-trifluoromethyluridine (F3Thd) were synthesized; namely 5'-O-acyl, 3', 5'-di-O-acyl, N3-acyl, 3', 5'-di-O-acetyl-N3-acyl, 3', 5'-di-O-carbamoyl and 3', 5'-di-O-ethoxycarbonyl compounds. 5'-O-Acyl derivatives of 2'-deoxy-5-trifluoromethylcytidine were also synthesized.The antitumor activities of these compounds against sarcoma 180 were examined by oral administration to mice. Among the 5'-and 3', 5'-diester compounds with aliphatic acids, the 5'-O-hexanoyl compound showed the highest activity. Full protection of the sugar moiety with aroyl or carbamoyl groups considerably decreased the activities, and those of the 3', 5'-di-O-m-fluorobenzoyl and 3, 5'-di-O-butylcarbamoyl compounds were the smallest. N3-Benzoyl compounds were slightly more effective than F3Thd but none of them showed higher activity than the effective O-acyl compounds. In the case of 5'-O-acylates of 2'-deoxy-5-trifluoromethylcytidine, the 5'-O-benzoyl compound showed the highest activity.
- 著者
- JUN-ICHI YAMASHITA SETSUO TAKEDA HIROSHI MATSUMOTO NORIO UNEMI MITSUGI YASUMOTO
- 出版者
- The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, no.6, pp.2373-2381, 1987-06-25 (Released:2009-10-19)
- 参考文献数
- 12
- 被引用文献数
- 3 3
Various O-alkoxyalkyl derivatives of 2'-deoxy-5-trifluoromethyluridine (F3Thd) were synthesized, and the antitumor activities of the compounds against sarcoma 180 were examined by oral administration to mice. Among the formal-type derivatives, 3', 5'-di-O-ethoxymethyl (3), 3', 5'-di-O-benzyloxymethyl (12), 5'-O-benzyloxymethyl (13) and 3'-O-benzyloxymethyl (14) compounds showed high activities, which were six-fold higher than that of F3Thd itself. Since acetal-type derivatives were unstable under acidic conditions, antitumor testing of the compounds was also carried out with co-administration of sodium bicarbonate. 5'-O- (1-Ethoxypropyl) -F3Thd (25) and 5'-O- (1-benzyloxypropyl) -F3Thd (37) showed the highest activities among the acetal-type derivatives, but the ED50 values of the compounds were not lower than those of effective formal-type compounds.These O-alkoxyalkyl derivatives of F3Thd are resistant to degradation by thymidine phosphorylase and are activated by microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes after absorption.
- 著者
- Zenta TAKATSU Muneya TSUDA Akio YAMADA Hiroshi MATSUMOTO Akira TAKAI Yasuhiro TAKEDA Mitsunori TAKASE
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.16-0450, (Released:2016-12-31)
- 被引用文献数
- 8
Hand-reared elephant calves that are nursed with milk substitutes sometimes suffer bone fractures, probably due to problems associated with nutrition, exercise, sunshine levels and/or genetic factors. As we were expecting the birth of an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), we analyzed elephant’s breast milk to improve the milk substitutes for elephant calves. Although there were few nutritional differences between conventional substitutes and elephant’s breast milk, we found a large unknown peak in the breast milk during high-performance liquid chromatography-based amino acid analysis and determined that it was glucosamine (GlcN) using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. We detected the following GlcN concentrations [mean ± SD] (mg/100 g) in milk hydrolysates produced by treating samples with 6M HCl for 24 hr at 110˚C: four elephant’s breast milk samples: 516 ± 42, three cow’s milk mixtures: 4.0 ± 2.2, three mare’s milk samples: 12 ± 1.2 and two human milk samples: 38. The GlcN content of the elephant’s milk was 128, 43 and 14 times greater than those of the cow’s, mare’s and human milk, respectively. Then, we examined the degradation of GlcN during 0–24 hr hydrolyzation with HCl. We estimated that elephant’s milk contains >880 mg/100 g GlcN, which is similar to the levels of major amino acids in elephant’s milk. We concluded that a novel GlcN-containing milk substitute should be developed for elephant calves. The efficacy of GlcN supplements is disputed, and free GlcN is rare in bodily fluids; thus, the optimal molecular form of GlcN requires a further study.