著者

Kentaro UMEDA Atsuko IKEDA Ryo UCHIDA Ikuko SASAHARA Tomoyuki MINE Hitoshi MURAKAMI Keishi KAMEYAMA

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.34-48, 2023 (Released:2023-01-01)

参考文献数

79

被引用文献数

2

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The genus Bifidobacterium comprises beneficial intestinal bacteria that play a crucial role in the regulation of human health. Traditional prebiotics are known to increase intestinal bifidobacteria by supplying a carbon source necessary for their growth. However, intestinal bifidobacteria need not only a carbon source but also a nitrogen source for growth. Moreover, the growth of bifidobacteria is known to be inhibited in a culture medium that does not contain glutamic acid. Based on these reports, we hypothesized that the combined intake of traditional prebiotics and glutamic acid would be beneficial for growth of bifidobacteria in the gut. In this study, we investigated the effects of the combination of galactooligosaccharide (GOS; traditional prebiotic material) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA; source of glutamic acid) and only GOS on the intestinal microbiota and health conditions (including intestinal regulation, mood status, gastrointestinal condition, skin condition, and sleep quality) in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparison trial in healthy subjects. The combined intake of GOS and γ-PGA significantly increased the prevalence of B. longum compared to the intake of GOS alone. A minimum effective dose of 2.0 g GOS and 0.3 g γ-PGA improved defecation and mood status. We revealed the combined effects of GOS and γ-PGA on intestinal microbiota as well as physical condition and concluded that the delivery of glutamic acid to the large intestine with traditional prebiotics is useful as an advanced prebiotic.

著者

Sadatoshi Matsuoka Yoshito Kawakatsu Sumiko Koga Nurian Ayeola Veronica Iwayemi Chika Saito Hitoshi Murakami Masahiko Hachiya

出版者

National Center for Global Health and Medicine

雑誌

Global Health & Medicine (ISSN:24349186)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.184-189, 2020-06-30 (Released:2020-07-04)

参考文献数

21

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Lagos State, Nigeria, Africa’s largest city with an estimaed 21 million population, continues to face challenges in its attempts to reduce maternal mortality (555 deaths per 100,000 live births) and deaths of children under five (59 per 1,000 live births). These deaths are more common among women and children living in poverty, many of whom rarely utilize health services. This paper describes the trend in the use of maternal, neonatal and child health (MNCH) services in the State in the past decade and shows barriers to the use of the services. Significant improvement in the coverage of the services were not observed. We identified the following five types of barriers to the use of MNCH services: i) financial barriers, ii) physical barriers, iii) cognitive barriers, iv) organizational barriers, and v) psychological and socio-cultural barriers. To address these interrelated barriers, the Lagos State Ministry of Health should prioritize regular outreach health services including health promotion, and realize the current initiative for massive recruitment of health personnel and appropriate deployment of them.

著者

Vien Quang Mai Trịnh Thị Xuan Mai Ngo Le Minh Tam Le Trung Nghia Kenichi Komada Hitoshi Murakami

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20170090, (Released:2018-05-19)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

8

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Background: Dengue is a clinically important arthropod-borne viral disease with increasing global incidence. Here we aimed to estimate the prevalence of dengue infections in Khanh Hoa Province, central Viet Nam, and to identify risk factors for infection.Methods: We performed a stratified cluster sampling survey including residents of 3–60 years of age in Nha Trang City, Ninh Hoa District and Dien Khanh District, Khanh Hoa Province, in October 2011. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) against dengue were analyzed using a rapid test kit. Participants completed a questionnaire exploring clinical dengue incidence, socio-economic status, and individual behavior. A household checklist was used to examine environment, mosquito larvae presence, and exposure to public health interventions.Results: IgG positivity was 20.5% (urban, 16.3%; rural, 23.0%), IgM positivity was 6.7% (urban, 6.4%; rural, 6.9%), and incidence of clinically compatible dengue during the prior 3 months was 2.8 per 1,000 persons (urban, 1.7; rural, 3.4). For IgG positivity, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was 2.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24–5.81) for mosquito larvae presence in water pooled in old tires and was 3.09 (95% CI, 1.75–5.46) for proximity to a densely inhabited area. For IgM positivity, the AOR was 3.06 (95% CI, 1.50–6.23) for proximity to a densely inhabited area.Conclusions: Our results indicated rural penetration of dengue infections. Control measures should target densely inhabited areas, and may include clean-up of discarded tires and water-collecting waste.