著者

山内 啓太郎 加納 聖 添田 知恵 HASEGAWA Telhisa ISHIDA Nobushige MUKOYAMA Harutaka TOJO Hideaki TACHI Chikashi

出版者

Japanese Society of Equine Science

雑誌

Journal of equine science (ISSN:13403516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.13-19, 1997-03

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 4

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A partial cDNA fragment of equine (Thoroughbred) c-ski gene (exon 1) was cloned by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequences of equine c-ski showed very high homology (>90%) with human and mouse c-ski, suggesting that this gene is highly conserved in different species of mammals. Genomic DNAs from other breeds of horse, e.g., Breton, New Zealand Pony, Shire, Anglo-Arab and Tokara Horse, were also subjected to PCR analysis. No difference, however, was observed in the nucleotide sequences of the partial c-ski DNA fragments examined. The patterns of c-ski gene expression in various male fetal equine tissues, i.e., cerebrum, lung, heart, skeletal muscles etc., obtained on day 180 of pregnancy, were analyzed by means of reverse transcriptase-mediated PCR (RT-PCR). In all the tissues examined, the expression of c-ski genes was confirmed. Northern blot analysis was carried out to assess the relative expression levels of c-ski genes in the male fetal equine tissues. In all tissues examined, two forms of the transcripts were detected at molecular sizes of 7.8 kb and 6 kb, respectively. In the cerebellum and the lung, the relative expression levels were high. The expression levels in skeletal muscles were moderate compared to the other tissues. The small population size of satellite cells may explain the relatively low expression levels of c-ski genes in the well developed skeletal muscles.

著者

SUGITA Shigeo OKI Hironori HASEGAWA Telhisa ISHIDA Nobushige

出版者

Japanese Society of Equine Science

雑誌

Journal of Equine Science (ISSN:13403516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.63-66, 2008

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Estimation formulas for the morbidity of horses infected with equine influenza virus by linear regression, logistic regression and probit transformation were developed, using data from the outbreak at the Sha Tin Racing Track in Hong Kong in 1992. Using these formulas, we estimated the equine influenza virus morbidity rates at training centers belonging to the Japan Racing Association (JRA) in October 1997 and in October 1998. In 1998 JRA started a new vaccination program, and every horse must now be vaccinated twice per year. At that time, the vaccine included two US lineage virus strains, the A/equine/Kentucky/81 strain and the A/equine/La Plata/93 (LP93) strain, against equine type-2 influenza viruses; it did not include any EU lineage virus strains, such as A/equine/Suffolk/89 (SF89). Comparing the geometric mean (GM) values of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers between the LP93 strain and the SF89 strain in 1997 and in 1998, they both rose significantly at every age (p<0.05) by Wilcoxon test. Calculations by the simulation models show the morbidity rates for LP93 diminished from 0.439 (linear), 0.423 (logistic) and 0.431 (probit) to 0.276 (linear), 0.265 (logistic) and 0.271 (probit), respectively. On the other hand, the estimated morbidity rates for SF89 diminished only slightly from 0.954 (linear), 0.932 (logistic) and 0.944 (probit) to 0.946 (linear), 0.914 (logistic) and 0.927 (probit), respectively. Our simulation models could estimate the effect of the vaccine on each of the equine virus strains represented by the morbidity of infected horses. Thus, they are useful for vaccine evaluation.<br>