著者

JANAPATI Jayalakshmi SEELA Balaji Kumar LIN Pay-Liam WANG Pao. K. TSENG Chie-Huei REDDY K. Krishna HASHIGUCHI Hiroyuki FENG Lei DAS Subrata Kumar UNNIKRISHNAN C. K.

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-015, (Released:2020-02-01)

被引用文献数

37

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We made an effort to inspect the raindrop size distribution (RSD) characteristics of Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean tropical cyclones (TCs) using ground-based disdrometer measurements from observational sites in India and Taiwan. Five TCs (2010-2013) from the Indian Ocean and six TCs (2014-2016) from the Pacific Ocean were measured using particle size and velocity disdrometers installed in south India and south Taiwan, respectively. Significant differences between the RSDs of Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean TCs are noticed. For example, a higher number of small drops is observed in Indian Ocean TCs, whereas Pacific Ocean TCs have more mid-size and large drops. RSDs of Pacific Ocean TCs have higher mass-weighted mean diameter and lower normalized intercept parameter than Indian Ocean TCs. RSD values quantified based on rainfall rate and precipitation types also showed similar characteristics between Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean TCs. The radar reflectivity and rainfall rate (Z-R) relations and shape and slope (μ-Λ) relations of both oceanic (Indian and Pacific) TCs are found to be distinctly different. Possible causes for the dissimilarities in RSD features between Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean TCs are due to relative differences in water vapor availability and convective activity between TCs in these two oceanic basins.

著者

LEE Meng-Tze LIN Pay-Liam CHANG Wei-Yu SEELA Balaji Kumar JANAPATI Jayalakshmi

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2019-048, (Released:2019-05-10)

被引用文献数

15

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In the present work, long-term (10 years) raindrop size distribution (RSD) measurements from Joss-Waldvogel Disdrometer (JWD) installed at National Central University (NCU, 24&deg58′6″N 121&deg11′27″E), Taiwan and vertical profile of radar reflectivity were used to analyze the variations in gamma parameters of six seasons (winter, spring, mei-yu, summer, typhoon, and autumn) and types of precipitation. The normalized gamma distribution of RSD revealed that the highest mean Dm (Mass-weighted average diameter) values occurred in summer, whereas the highest mean log10Nw (normalized intercept parameter) values were found in winter. Furthermore, most of the rainfall rate falling at less than 20 mm h-1 occurs in Northern Taiwan. In this study, we used radar reflectivity to differentiate between convective and stratiform systems. It was revealed that the mean Dm values are higher in convective systems, whereas the mean log10Nw values are higher in stratiform systems. The structure of RSD in stratiform systems remains constant in all seasons; however, convection is similar to maritime type. The microphysical characteristics that are responsible for different RSD features in different seasons and types of precipitation are illustrated with the help of contoured frequency by altitude diagrams of radar reflectivity.