- 著者
- Yingchen Li Lin Liu Jun Yang Qing Yang
- 出版者
- Pesticide Science Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- Journal of Pesticide Science (ISSN:1348589X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.46, no.1, pp.43-52, 2021-02-20 (Released:2021-02-26)
- 参考文献数
- 48
- 被引用文献数
- 4 17
Chitin deacetylase (CDA) is a key enzyme involved in the modification of chitin and plays critical roles in molting and pupation, which catalyzes the removal of acetyl groups from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitin to form chitosan and release acetic acid. Defects in the CDA genes or their expression may lead to stunted insect development and even death. Therefore, CDA can be used as a potential pest control target. However, there are no effective pesticides known to target CDA. Although there has been some exciting research progress on bacterial or fungal CDAs, insect CDA characteristics are less understood. This review summarizes the current understanding of insect CDAs, especially very recent advances in our understanding of crystal structures and the catalytic mechanism. Progress in developing small-molecule CDA inhibitors is also summarized. We hope the information included in this review will help facilitate new pesticide development through a novel action mode, such as targeting CDA.
- 著者
- Litao Zhang Yanli Long Hongyan Xiao Jun Yang Xiaohui Liu Zhenlu Zhang
- 出版者
- International Heart Journal Association
- 雑誌
- International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.18-237, (Released:2019-04-25)
- 参考文献数
- 26
- 被引用文献数
- 2
Mechanical heart valve replacement (MHVR) entails lifetime oral anticoagulation to eliminate thrombosis. However, adverse events may still occur despite proper anticoagulation therapy. In this study, we investigated whether D-dimer can predict the clinical events in post-MHVR patients during oral anticoagulation therapy.This was a single-center, prospective study. In all, 772 patients who underwent MHVR in the Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital from January 2013 to May 2014 were screened. Patients were assigned to the abnormal D-dimer group and the normal D-dimer group according to the D-dimer levels measured 3 months after the beginning of the oral anticoagulation therapy regime. All patients were followed up for 24 months or until the observation of the endpoints, which included thrombotic events, bleeding events, and all-cause deaths.A total of 718 patients were included in the analysis: 91 had abnormal D-dimer levels, and 627 had normal D-dimer levels. In all, 53 events were observed during 24 months. Compared with the normal D-dimer group, patients with abnormal D-dimer levels had a higher incidence of thrombotic events (10 versus 14; hazard ratio (HR): 5.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.38-12.1; P < 0.001), all-cause mortality (8 versus 13; HR: 4.65; 95% CI: 1.93-11.2; P < 0.001), and a higher incidence of total events (16 versus 37; HR: 3.26; 95% CI: 1.81-5.86; P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in bleeding events (2 versus 21; HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.17-3.07; P = 0.66).D-dimer may be a useful marker to predict thrombotic events and all-cause deaths in post-MHVR patients during oral anticoagulation therapy (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01996657).