- 著者
- Tae OHGAKI Hideshige TAKADA Ryu YOSHIDA Kaoruko MIZUKAWA Bee Geok YEO Mona ALIDOUST Natsuki HIRAI Rei YAMASHITA Takashi TOKUMARU Izumi WATANABE Siaw ONWONA-AGYEMAN Patricia GARDINER Marcus ERIKSEN Jay F. KELLY Carlos J. RODRÍGUEZ-SIERRA Laurent COLASSE Juan BAZTAN Fabiano Prado BARRETTO Gabriel Mendes IZAR Denis ABESSA Mohamad Pauzi ZAKARIA Charita S. KWAN Mahua SAHA Peter G. RYAN Steven WEERTS John OFOSU-ANIM Edward Benjamin SABI Lailah Gifty AKITA Heidi TAIT Cecilia ERIKSSON Harry BURTON
- 出版者
- Japan Society for Environmental Chemistry
- 雑誌
- Environmental Monitoring and Contaminants Research (ISSN:24357685)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.1, pp.75-90, 2021 (Released:2021-08-18)
- 参考文献数
- 67
- 被引用文献数
- 4
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in plastic resin pellets collected from 65 beaches across 27 countries worldwide. They were detected at 49 locations at concentrations of the sum of 49 congeners of up to 46 ng/g-pellet and a median of 2 ng/g-pellet. These values are one to two orders of magnitude lower than those of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (median, 51 ng/g-pellet). This difference can be attributed to lower production of the Penta-BDE technical mixture, which is used extensively in some countries, and lower availability of brominated flame retardants for equilibrium partitioning than PCBs. Tetra-, penta-, and hexa-brominated congeners (BDE-47, 99, 100, 153, 154) were dominant over a deca-substituted congener (BDE-209) in many samples; this was significantly detected in pellets from some locations. Results indicate that pellets reflect the pollution status of PBDEs in the dissolved phase in seawater. From the ranking of the summed concentrations of six major PBDE congeners (Σ6PBDEs), we propose five levels of pollution categorization (ng/g-pellet): no (<0.2), slight (0.2–0.78), moderate (0.78–2.6), high (2.6–8.5), and extreme (>8.5) local pollution. The USA and neighboring countries were categorized as extreme (17–36 ng/g-pellet), western Europe and Japan were categorized as high (≤8.8), and most Asian and African countries were categorized as slight (<0.8). Notably, extreme or high pollution levels were also observed in countries with no history of PBDE production, such as Ghana (Σ6PBDEs up to 16 ng/g-pellet), the Philippines (7.5), and Hong Kong (7.7). Scrapped electrical and electronic waste might explain these anomalously high values.
- 著者
- Rei YAMASHITA Michio MURAKAMI Yuichi IWASAKI Nao SHIBAYAMA Keisuke SUEKI Mahua SAHA Goro MOURI Soulichan LAMXAY Haechong O Yukio KOIBUCHI Hideshige TAKADA
- 出版者
- 日本水環境学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of Water and Environment Technology (ISSN:13482165)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.13, no.2, pp.179-194, 2015 (Released:2015-04-10)
- 参考文献数
- 49
- 被引用文献数
- 3 15
The release of radiocesium from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant caused environmental contamination. We analyzed sources, behavior, and temporal trends of radiocesium by 1-year monitoring in an urban river, the Ohori River. The concentrations of 137Cs in both particulate and dissolved phases decreased to ~ 16% within 1 year. The partition coefficient in dry weather was estimated to be 3.2 × 104 L/kg. 137Cs concentrations in the particulate phase were higher during wet weather than during dry weather on the basis of both suspended solids (SS) weight and liquid volume. The ratios of 137Cs concentration to deposited 137Cs in the Ohori River (e.g., composite: 0.26 m2/kg-SS in June - July 2012) were higher than those in the Abukuma River, probably because of differences in land use. Source analysis by a chemical mass balance method showed that 22% of 137Cs came from river water in dry weather, 39% from river sediments, and 39% from road dust highlighting urban surface deposits such as road dust as major sources of 137Cs in the river water even 2 years after the accident, and that the wash-off of these deposits increased the 137Cs concentration in the river during wet weather.