- 著者
- Nobuaki Egashira Ai Nogami Katsunori Iwasaki Ayumi Ishibashi Naoki Uchida Kotaro Takasaki Kenichi Mishima Ryoji Nishimura Ryozo Oishi Michihiro Fujiwara
- 出版者
- The Japanese Pharmacological Society
- 雑誌
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (ISSN:13478613)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.116, no.3, pp.316-320, 2011 (Released:2011-07-15)
- 参考文献数
- 15
- 被引用文献数
- 32 34
In the present study, we investigated the effect of the Kampo medicine Yokukansan (YKS) on pentobarbital-induced sleep in group-housed and socially isolated mice. Socially isolated mice showed shorter sleeping time than the group-housed mice. YKS (300 mg/kg, p.o.) prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in socially isolated mice without affecting pentobarbital sleep in group-housed mice. The prolongation of sleeping time by YKS was reversed by bicuculline (3 mg/kg, i.p.) and flumazenil (3 mg/kg, i.p.), but not WAY100635. These findings suggest that the GABAA – benzodiazepine receptor complex, but not 5-HT1A receptors, is involved in the reversal effect of YKS on the decrease of pentobarbital sleep by social isolation.
- 著者
- Hayato HIRASHIMA Naoki UCHIDA Ichiro FUKAZAWA Seiichiro ISHIGAKI Eiji UCHIDA Hajime YASUHARA
- 出版者
- The Japanese Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- 雑誌
- 臨床薬理 (ISSN:03881601)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, no.3, pp.127-133, 2006-05-31 (Released:2010-06-28)
- 参考文献数
- 33
- 被引用文献数
- 2 3
There are many reports on grapefruit juice (GFJ) increasing the apparent oral bioavailability of several clinically important drugs metabolized by the most abundant isoform of cytochrome P450, i. e. CYP 3A4. Azelnidipine (Calblock ®) is a long-lasting 1, 4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist currently used in the treatment of hypertension in Japan. In a drug interaction study using human liver microsomes, several CYP3A4 inhibitors and substrates inhibited the oxidative metabolism of azelnidipine to the same extent as nifedipine and felodipine. In order to evaluate the possible interaction of azelnidipine with GFJ in humans, a randomized, two-way crossover study was conducted in eight Japanese healthy volunteers.A single oral dose of 8mg azelnidipine was administered orally with either 250mL water or GFJ after overnight fasting. Blood samples were drawn periodically up to 24hours after dosing. Plasma concentrations of azelnidipine were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/APCI-MS/MS).Concomitant administration of azelnidipine with GFJ increased the mean Cmax of azelnidipine by 2.5-fold and the AUC by 3.3-fold compared with water; moreover, the time to reach Cmax (tmax) and the mean residence time (MRT) were slightly delayed. No serious adverse events were observed except one subject described mild symptoms of drug-related headache and flushing accompanied with orthostatic hypotension at 4hrs after administration in the GFJ phase.The results demonstrated the pharmacokinetic interaction between azelnidipine and a single glass of GFJ.