著者

Naoki Endo Moe Takahashi Kosuke Nagamune Kaito Oguchi Ryo Sugawara Kozue Sotome Akira Nakagiri Nitaro Maekawa

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MYC555, (Released:2021-12-18)

被引用文献数

2

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We describe a new species of Gerhardtia from Japan based on basidiomata morphology, live culture characteristics, and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Gerhardtia venosolamellata is found on broad-leaf litter, and is characterized by tricholomatoid to marasmioid basidiomata, an off-white to pale salmon-pink pileus surface with faint marginal striae, subdistant lamellae with lateral veins, a tomentose to strigose stipe base with hyphal strands generating arthroconidia measuring 4–7 × 2–3 μm, cyanophilic, elongate-ellipsoid to cylindrical, slightly verrucose or undulate basidiospores measuring 4.5–6 × 2.5–3 μm, and cyanophilic basidia measuring 25–35 × 5–6 μm and containing siderophilous granules. Phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions of the fungal nrDNA indicates that G. venosolamellata is related to G. sinensis and G. highlandensis, but differs from the former with respect to basidiomata color, basidiospore shape, and habitat. An isotype specimen of G. highlandensis exhibited relatively close lamellae without veins, and slightly larger basidiospores (4.5–6.5 × 2.5–3 μm). Cultured mycelia of G. venosolamellata produced arthroconidia measuring 4.5–8.5 × 2.5–3 μm with both schizolytic and rhexolytic secession on MA and PDA media, and chlamydospores occasionally covered with crystals on MA and MYG media.

著者

Nitaro Maekawa

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MYC557, (Released:2021-10-26)

被引用文献数

3

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Corticioid fungi form effused basidiomata with various hymenophore configurations, mostly on woody substrates, and they are presently classified into 15 orders in Agaricomycotina in the phylum Basidiomycota. In this review, the corticioid fungi of Japan are treated on the basis of the current classification system, and all currently known species are listed and classified by order. Japanese corticioid fungi number 442 species in 160 genera belonging to 14 orders. Analysis of the distribution of Japanese corticioid species reveals that 375 species (85% of the total) have wide distributions, and that the Japanese corticioid fungal flora is composed of species with diverse patterns of distribution. In the subtropical regions, 146 corticioid species belonging to 77 genera are listed, including 100 species from the Nansei Islands and 76 from the Ogasawara Islands. Although these two island groups are located at similar latitudes, they share only 30 corticioid species—21% of the total reported from the subtropical regions. Along with this summary of the current status, this study presents future directions for the taxonomic research of the Japanese corticioid fungi.

著者

Ryotaro Shino Kozue Sotome Naoki Endo Nitaro Maekawa Akira Nakagiri

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.6, pp.136-149, 2023-11-20 (Released:2023-11-20)

参考文献数

72

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Physisporinus, a genus in Polyporales, Basidiomycota, is a versatile fungus that lives as a wood decomposer, a potential pathogen of standing trees, and an orchid mycobiont. We previously reported that some Physisporinus species inhabiting wet wood in aquatic environments such as streams and waterfalls form synnema-like structures (SSs) bearing acanthophyses at their apices, and that they produce acanthophyses on vegetative hyphae when cultured on agar media. In this study, we investigated the acanthophysis-forming ability in Physisporinus and allied genera, and experimentally demonstrated the function of SSs. Phylogenetic analyses and observations of Meripilus, Physisporinus and Rigidoporus cultures showed that all of the strains forming acanthophyses belonged to Physisporinus, whereas strains of Meripilus and Rigidoporus did not produce acanthophyses. These findings suggest that SS/acanthophysis formation is a useful taxonomic character for members of Physisporinus. When Physisporinus strains were cultured under oxygen (O2) concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 40%, most of those cultured under 20% O2 formed the most acanthophyses. According to these experimental data, the SSs/acanthophyses in Physisporinus were considered to have a respiratory function. Physisporinus probably acquired the SS/acanthophysis-forming ability to adapt to moist and/or aquatic habitats and to decay wet wood in which the O2 concentration is often low.

著者

Nitaro Maekawa

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.6, pp.345-355, 2021-11-20 (Released:2021-11-20)

参考文献数

111

被引用文献数

3

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Corticioid fungi form effused basidiomata with various hymenophore configurations, mostly on woody substrates, and they are presently classified into 15 orders in Agaricomycotina in the phylum Basidiomycota. In this review, the corticioid fungi of Japan are treated on the basis of the current classification system, and all currently known species are listed and classified by order. Japanese corticioid fungi number 442 species in 160 genera belonging to 14 orders. Analysis of the distribution of Japanese corticioid species reveals that 375 species (85% of the total) have wide distributions, and that the Japanese corticioid fungal flora is composed of species with diverse patterns of distribution. In the subtropical regions, 146 corticioid species belonging to 77 genera are listed, including 100 species from the Nansei Islands and 76 from the Ogasawara Islands. Although these two island groups are located at similar latitudes, they share only 30 corticioid species―21% of the total reported from the subtropical regions. Along with this summary of the current status, this study presents future directions for the taxonomic research of the Japanese corticioid fungi.

著者

Ryo Sugawara Nana Shirasuka Tatsuki Yamamoto Kosuke Nagamune Kaito Oguchi Nitaro Maekawa Kozue Sotome Akira Nakagiri Shuji Ushijima Naoki Endo

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3, pp.102-117, 2022-05-31 (Released:2022-05-31)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

3

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We describe two new species of resupinate Sistotrema sensu lato (Cantharellales) collected in Japan: S. flavorhizomorphae and S. chloroporum. Both species have urniform basidia with more than four sterigmata and monomitic hyphal system, oil-rich hyphae in subiculum, which is typical for this genus. Sistotrema chloroporum is characterized by poroid hymenophore partly yellowish-green, basidia 4-6-spored, medium-sized basidiospores (4.5-6.5 × 3.5-6 µm), and broadleaf forest habitat. Sistotrema flavorhizomorphae is characterized by hydnoid-irpicoid hymenophore, bright yellowish rhizomorphs, basidia 6-8-spored, small basidiospores (3-3.5 × 2.5-3 µm), and pine forest habitat. Phylogenetic trees inferred from the fungal nrDNA ITS and LSU and the rpb2 sequences supported that both species were distinct and grouped with other ectomycorrhizal Sistotrema and Hydnum species, but their generic boundary was unclear. Mycorrhizae underneath basidiomes of both species were identified and described via molecular techniques. Mycorrhizae of S. chloroporum have similar characteristics to those of other Sistotrema s.l. and Hydnum species, i.e., S. confluens and H. repandum, whereas S. flavorhizomorphae has a distinct morpho-anatomy, for example, a distinct pseudoparenchymatous mantle. Comprehensive characterizations of basidiomes and mycorrhizae improve the taxonomic analysis of mycorrhizal species of Sistotrema s.l.

著者

Takahiro Yagame Nitaro Maekawa

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.6, pp.343-350, 2019 (Released:2023-03-07)

被引用文献数

3

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We induced basidioma formation of a fungus belonging to the Thelephoraceae that was isolated from the orchid Cephalanthera falcata. The mycobiont was isolated from root, cultured on modified Melin-Norkrans medium, and then inoculated onto fine roots of a Quercus serrata (Fagaceae) seedling. After observation of ectomycorrhiza formation, the Q. serrata seedling was grown in a pot. Thirty-six mo after ectomycorrhiza formation, basidioma formation was confirmed at the bottom of the pot. From comparisons in morphological characteristics between the mycobiont and known related Thelephoraceae species, and sequence similarities of internal transcribed spacer region in ribosomal DNA, we identified the mycobiont as Thelephora ellisii sensu lato in Thelephoraceae (Basidiomycota). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the related sequences came from ectomycorrhizae of trees of the Salicaceae, Pinaceae, and Fagaceae distributed in East Asia, the USA, central Africa, and Europe.

著者

Nitaro Maekawa Ryo Sugawara Ryo Nakano Ryotaro Shino Kozue Sotome Akira Nakagiri Yuichi Oba

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.4, pp.109-115, 2023-07-31 (Released:2023-07-31)

参考文献数

36

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Aleurodiscus sagittisporus sp. nov. is described and illustrated. This species is characterized by producing basidiomata with a monomitic hyphal system, clampless-septate hyphae, arrowhead-shaped, amyloid, finely verrucose basidiospores, gloeocystidia, dendrohyphidium-like branched paraphysoid hyphae, and variously shaped swelling cells in the hymenium. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear rDNA LSU and ITS sequences revealed that the species is distinct from the lineage of Aleurodiscus s. str. and related genera in the Aleurodiscus s. lat. clade. Basidiomata of A. sagittisporus have been collected only from dead petioles attached to living trees of Livistona chinensis var. subglobosa on Hachijo Island, Japan.

著者

Nitaro Maekawa Ryo Sugawara Hiroki Kogi Shungo Norikura Kozue Sotome Naoki Endo Akira Nakagiri Shuji Ushijima

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.19-34, 2023-01-31 (Released:2023-01-31)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

2

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Species of Hypochnicium (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) collected from Japan were studied on their taxonomy by morphological and phylogenetic approaches. Phylogenetic analyses based on a nrDNA LSU and ITS dataset including the Japanese specimens and other publicly available ones show that Hypochnicium is polyphyletic. Since the clade containing the type species H. bombycinum was well-supported, we defined this clade as Hypochnicium s. str., and emended Hypochnicium to include restricted taxa with only smooth basidiospores. The new genus Neohypochnicium is proposed to accommodate the remaining taxa excluded from the genus Hypochnicium s. str., which includes both species with smooth basidiospores and ornamented ones. Three new species, Gyrophanopsis japonica, N. asiaticum and N. perlongicystidiosum are described and illustrated based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses using an ITS region dataset. In addition, the following 15 new combinations are proposed: N. albostramineum, N. aotearoae, N. capitulateum, N. cremicolor, N. cystidiatum, N. geogenium, N. guineense, N. huinayense, N. michelii, N. microsporum, N. patagonicum, N. pini, N. punctulatum, N. subrigescens and N. wakefieldiae. An identification key to Japanese species of Bulbillomyces, Gyrophanopsis, Hypochnicium and Neohypochnicium is provided.