著者

Wataru Aoki Naoki Endo Shuji Ushijima Hiroyuki Nagai Tetsuro Ito Masaki Fukuda Akiyoshi Yamada

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MYC548, (Released:2021-09-08)

被引用文献数

5

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“Kakishimeji” identified as Tricholoma ustale and belonging to Tricholoma sect. Genuina is a common poisonous mushroom in Japan. Kakishimeji contains the toxic compound ustalic acid and causes digestive trouble. However, this fungus is consumed in some regions of Japan without any digestive issues. We clarified the probable species complex of Kakishimeji based on a phylogenetic analysis. We collected 89 basidioma specimens of Kakishimeji and related species from various forest sites in Japan and conducted phylogenetic analyses using 7 nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences. Kakishimeji was found to consist of four distinct phylogenetic clades based on all DNA regions tested. Of these, two clades included European T. stans and T. albobrunneum type specimens. Another two clades consisted of sister clades to T. pessundatum and T. ustaloides. In addition, all four phylogenetic clades of Kakishimeji had different spore and basidium sizes. Therefore, we regarded the latter two clades as two new Tricholoma species: T. kakishimeji and T. kakishimejioides.

著者

Naoki Endo Moe Takahashi Kosuke Nagamune Kaito Oguchi Ryo Sugawara Kozue Sotome Akira Nakagiri Nitaro Maekawa

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MYC555, (Released:2021-12-18)

被引用文献数

2

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We describe a new species of Gerhardtia from Japan based on basidiomata morphology, live culture characteristics, and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Gerhardtia venosolamellata is found on broad-leaf litter, and is characterized by tricholomatoid to marasmioid basidiomata, an off-white to pale salmon-pink pileus surface with faint marginal striae, subdistant lamellae with lateral veins, a tomentose to strigose stipe base with hyphal strands generating arthroconidia measuring 4–7 × 2–3 μm, cyanophilic, elongate-ellipsoid to cylindrical, slightly verrucose or undulate basidiospores measuring 4.5–6 × 2.5–3 μm, and cyanophilic basidia measuring 25–35 × 5–6 μm and containing siderophilous granules. Phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions of the fungal nrDNA indicates that G. venosolamellata is related to G. sinensis and G. highlandensis, but differs from the former with respect to basidiomata color, basidiospore shape, and habitat. An isotype specimen of G. highlandensis exhibited relatively close lamellae without veins, and slightly larger basidiospores (4.5–6.5 × 2.5–3 μm). Cultured mycelia of G. venosolamellata produced arthroconidia measuring 4.5–8.5 × 2.5–3 μm with both schizolytic and rhexolytic secession on MA and PDA media, and chlamydospores occasionally covered with crystals on MA and MYG media.

著者

Wataru Aoki Naoki Endo Shuji Ushijima Hiroyuki Nagai Tetsuro Ito Masaki Fukuda Akiyoshi Yamada

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.5, pp.307-321, 2021-09-20 (Released:2021-09-20)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

2 5

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“Kakishimeji” identified as Tricholoma ustale and belonging to Tricholoma sect. Genuina is a common poisonous mushroom in Japan. Kakishimeji contains the toxic compound ustalic acid and causes digestive trouble. However, this fungus is consumed in some regions of Japan without any digestive issues. We clarified the probable species complex of Kakishimeji based on a phylogenetic analysis. We collected 89 basidioma specimens of Kakishimeji and related species from various forest sites in Japan and conducted phylogenetic analyses using 7 nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences. Kakishimeji was found to consist of four distinct phylogenetic clades based on all DNA regions tested. Of these, two clades included European T. stans and T. albobrunneum type specimens. Another two clades consisted of sister clades to T. pessundatum and T. ustaloides. In addition, all four phylogenetic clades of Kakishimeji had different spore and basidium sizes. Therefore, we regarded the latter two clades as two new Tricholoma species: T. kakishimeji and T. kakishimejioides.

著者

Shuji Ushijima Eiji Nagasawa Naoki Endo Akiyoshi Yamada

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.233-238, 2021-07-20 (Released:2021-07-20)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2

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A novel species of Tricholoma section Tricholoma, namely, T. olivaceonigrum, is described and illustrated based on samples found in an oak woods dominated by Quercus myrsinifolia, an evergreen oak, in Tottori Prefecture, western Japan. It is characterized by a conic-umbonate, dark-greenish olivaceous pileus with blackish innate fibrils; a whitish silky-fibrillose stipe, often faintly tinted pale yellow and with a narrowed subpointed base; subglobose to broadly elliptic spores; and fruiting in early winter. Phylogenetic analysis targeting the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA gene revealed that T. olivaceonigrum forms a well-supported clade sister to T. portentosum. Other morphologically and phylogenetically closely related species of the section Tricholoma are discussed.

著者

Ryotaro Shino Kozue Sotome Naoki Endo Nitaro Maekawa Akira Nakagiri

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.6, pp.136-149, 2023-11-20 (Released:2023-11-20)

参考文献数

72

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Physisporinus, a genus in Polyporales, Basidiomycota, is a versatile fungus that lives as a wood decomposer, a potential pathogen of standing trees, and an orchid mycobiont. We previously reported that some Physisporinus species inhabiting wet wood in aquatic environments such as streams and waterfalls form synnema-like structures (SSs) bearing acanthophyses at their apices, and that they produce acanthophyses on vegetative hyphae when cultured on agar media. In this study, we investigated the acanthophysis-forming ability in Physisporinus and allied genera, and experimentally demonstrated the function of SSs. Phylogenetic analyses and observations of Meripilus, Physisporinus and Rigidoporus cultures showed that all of the strains forming acanthophyses belonged to Physisporinus, whereas strains of Meripilus and Rigidoporus did not produce acanthophyses. These findings suggest that SS/acanthophysis formation is a useful taxonomic character for members of Physisporinus. When Physisporinus strains were cultured under oxygen (O2) concentrations of 5, 10, 20 and 40%, most of those cultured under 20% O2 formed the most acanthophyses. According to these experimental data, the SSs/acanthophyses in Physisporinus were considered to have a respiratory function. Physisporinus probably acquired the SS/acanthophysis-forming ability to adapt to moist and/or aquatic habitats and to decay wet wood in which the O2 concentration is often low.

著者

Ryo Sugawara Nana Shirasuka Tatsuki Yamamoto Kosuke Nagamune Kaito Oguchi Nitaro Maekawa Kozue Sotome Akira Nakagiri Shuji Ushijima Naoki Endo

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3, pp.102-117, 2022-05-31 (Released:2022-05-31)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

3

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We describe two new species of resupinate Sistotrema sensu lato (Cantharellales) collected in Japan: S. flavorhizomorphae and S. chloroporum. Both species have urniform basidia with more than four sterigmata and monomitic hyphal system, oil-rich hyphae in subiculum, which is typical for this genus. Sistotrema chloroporum is characterized by poroid hymenophore partly yellowish-green, basidia 4-6-spored, medium-sized basidiospores (4.5-6.5 × 3.5-6 µm), and broadleaf forest habitat. Sistotrema flavorhizomorphae is characterized by hydnoid-irpicoid hymenophore, bright yellowish rhizomorphs, basidia 6-8-spored, small basidiospores (3-3.5 × 2.5-3 µm), and pine forest habitat. Phylogenetic trees inferred from the fungal nrDNA ITS and LSU and the rpb2 sequences supported that both species were distinct and grouped with other ectomycorrhizal Sistotrema and Hydnum species, but their generic boundary was unclear. Mycorrhizae underneath basidiomes of both species were identified and described via molecular techniques. Mycorrhizae of S. chloroporum have similar characteristics to those of other Sistotrema s.l. and Hydnum species, i.e., S. confluens and H. repandum, whereas S. flavorhizomorphae has a distinct morpho-anatomy, for example, a distinct pseudoparenchymatous mantle. Comprehensive characterizations of basidiomes and mycorrhizae improve the taxonomic analysis of mycorrhizal species of Sistotrema s.l.

著者

Wakana Ogawa Naoki Endo Yumi Takeda Miyuki Kodaira Masaki Fukuda Akiyoshi Yamada

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.45-53, 2018 (Released:2023-03-07)

被引用文献数

11

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Species of fleshy yellow Cantharellus are known as chanterelles, which are among the most popular wild edible mycorrhizal mushrooms in the world. However, pure culture isolates of Cantharellus are rare. We report an efficient isolation technique of the Japanese golden chanterelle, Cantharellus anzutake, from its ectomycorrhizal root tips. Field-sampled fresh ectomycorrhizal root tips of C. anzutake on various hosts such as pines, spruce, and oaks were vortexed with 0.005% Tween 80 solution, surface sterilized with 1% calcium hypochlorite solution, rinsed with sterilized distilled water, and placed on modified Norkrans’ C (MNC) agar plate medium. Most ectomycorrhizal root tips of C. anzutake produced yellowish mycelial colonies within a few months. In contrast, tissue isolation from basidiomata provided limited cultures of C. anzutake but much contamination of bacteria and molds, even on media that contained antibiotics. The established C. anzutake cultures had clamp connections on the hyphae and contained intracellular oily droplets. These cultured isolates were identified as C. anzutake by sequence analysis of the rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and translation elongation factor EF1-alpha (tef-1) genes.

著者

Nitaro Maekawa Ryo Sugawara Hiroki Kogi Shungo Norikura Kozue Sotome Naoki Endo Akira Nakagiri Shuji Ushijima

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.19-34, 2023-01-31 (Released:2023-01-31)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

2

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Species of Hypochnicium (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) collected from Japan were studied on their taxonomy by morphological and phylogenetic approaches. Phylogenetic analyses based on a nrDNA LSU and ITS dataset including the Japanese specimens and other publicly available ones show that Hypochnicium is polyphyletic. Since the clade containing the type species H. bombycinum was well-supported, we defined this clade as Hypochnicium s. str., and emended Hypochnicium to include restricted taxa with only smooth basidiospores. The new genus Neohypochnicium is proposed to accommodate the remaining taxa excluded from the genus Hypochnicium s. str., which includes both species with smooth basidiospores and ornamented ones. Three new species, Gyrophanopsis japonica, N. asiaticum and N. perlongicystidiosum are described and illustrated based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses using an ITS region dataset. In addition, the following 15 new combinations are proposed: N. albostramineum, N. aotearoae, N. capitulateum, N. cremicolor, N. cystidiatum, N. geogenium, N. guineense, N. huinayense, N. michelii, N. microsporum, N. patagonicum, N. pini, N. punctulatum, N. subrigescens and N. wakefieldiae. An identification key to Japanese species of Bulbillomyces, Gyrophanopsis, Hypochnicium and Neohypochnicium is provided.