- 著者
- Jamsransuren Dulamjav Yoshii Kentaro Kariwa Hiroaki Asakawa Mitsuhiko Okuda Kei Fujii Kei Fukumoto Shinya Umemiya-Shirafuji Rika Sasaki Motoki Matsumoto Kotaro Yamaguchi Emi Ogawa Haruko Imai Kunitoshi
- 出版者
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
- 雑誌
- Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research (ISSN:00471917)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.67, no.2, pp.163-172, 2019-05
The first human case of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Japan was recorded in southern Hokkaido in 1993 and was followed by four further cases in southern, central, and northern Hokkaido during 2016-2018. However, the distribution of TBE virus (TBEV) foci in Japan is unclear. Therefore, here, we serologically examined raccoons (Procyon lotor), sika deer (Cervus nippon), and wild boars (Sus scrofa) as sentinels of TBEV infection in Hokkaido and in Fukushima and Tochigi Prefectures in Honshu. A total of 1,649 serum samples collected between 2003 and 2018 were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using subviral particles and confirmed using the virus neutralization test. In raccoons, the seroprevalence of TBEV was 5.9% (39/662 samples) in central Hokkaido in 2003-2005 and 0.8% (3/368 samples) in eastern Hokkaido in 2010-2018, revealing the presence of TBEV foci in these areas. In addition, 0.5% (2/414) of deer sampled in eastern Hokkaido in 2010-2017 and 2.4% (1/42) of deer sampled in Tochigi Prefecture in 2016-2018 were seropositive. On Honshu, seropositive rodents have previously been detected only in Shimane Prefecture. Therefore, the detection of seropositive animals in Tochigi Prefecture may indicate the widespread distribution of TBEV foci throughout Japan. TBEV and viral genes were not detected in 507 ticks collected in the same area of eastern Hokkaido where seropositive animals were found, reemphasizing the value of using serological examination of wild animals as a tool for revealing unknown TBE risk areas. Our findings also indicate that raccoons may be particularly useful sentinels.
- 著者
- Sasaki Motoki Endo Hideki Yamamoto Masako ARISHIMA Kazuyoshi HAYASHI Yoshihiro
- 出版者
- 日本哺乳類学会
- 雑誌
- Mammal study = The Continuation of the Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan (ISSN:13434152)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.25, no.1, pp.27-34, 2000-06-01
- 被引用文献数
- 3 7
The musculature and functional anatomy of the head and skull of a tiger <i>Panthera tigris</i> were, examined and compared with those of various other felid species. The <i>Musculus masseter</i> is divided into three layers. The superficial layer of which is well-developed and further sub-divided into lateral and medial components. The ventro-caudal fleshy portion of the lateral component originates behind the last upper molar, where it is attached by a strong tendon to the tubercle <i>tuber maxillae</i>. The medial component, which runs dorso-ventrally, has a particularly well-developed fleshy portion. The present anatomical study suggests that in the tiger, large masseteric forces are produced in both ventro-rostral and ventro-dorsal directions. In the tiger, a process is present on the tubercle of the maxilla from which the strong tendon originates. This process is also apparent in the leopard <i>Panthera pardus</i>, the jaguar <i>P. onca</i> and the puma <i>Felis concolor</i>. It is not found, however, in either the domestic cat <i>F. catus</i> or the Iriomote wild cat <i>F. iriomotensis</i>. Comparisons between the skulls of various species of felidae indicate that whereas the puma, the leopard and the jaguar each possess the strong tendon, which bundles the ventro-caudal fleshy portion of the lateral component, the domestic cat and the Iriomote wild cat only possess weak tendons attaching to this component.