著者

Satoshi Nakano Naoki Akamatsu Makoto Mizuno

出版者

Japan Society of Marketing and Distribution

雑誌

International Journal of Marketing & Distribution (ISSN:24327182)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.17-35, 2022 (Released:2022-12-14)

参考文献数

48

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Panic buying is a consumer behavior caused by negative emotions and social influences after a disaster. This study identifies (1) how panic buying occurs over time and (2) who panic buys. Based on the theoretical background of the behavioral and emotional nature of panic buyers, we conducted empirical segmentation to integrate behavioral and psychological data. This study focuses on Japanese consumer packaged goods during the COVID-19 outbreak and finds that there are two waves of increased purchases related to the timing of government interventions between February and April 2020. One of the unique features of this study is combining individual purchase data with psychological factors such as anxiety for COVID-19 and impulsiveness for unplanned purchase measured by a questionnaire survey. Another one is allowing for heterogeneity among consumers in terms of demographic or psychographic characteristics. The results show that panic buying occurred for a limited segment of consumers, that is, consumers with more purchasing experience, including female with larger families hardly panic buy and rather stockpile a little more than usual.

著者

Takuya Takahashi Hirofumi Saiki Akira Sato Seiko Kuwata Satoshi Nakano Yumi Sato Manami Akasaka Junichi Koizumi Hideaki Senzaki Kotaro Oyama

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0147, (Released:2023-09-28)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Although right ventricular (RV) enlargement may affect RV diastolic dysfunction assessed by end-diastolic forward flow (EDFF) in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), EDFF may also be modified by left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics. We hypothesized that EDFF is affected by LV hemodynamics, not limited to RV diastolic stiffening.Methods and Results: Among 145 consecutive patients with repaired TOF who underwent catheterization, hemodynamic properties in 47 with consistent EDFF and 75 without EDFF were analyzed. Compared with patients without EDFF, those with EDFF had a large RV volume with a high regurgitant fraction. Although cardiac index and central venous pressure (CVP) were similar, contrast injection augmented CVP and LV end-diastolic pressure (EDP) in patients with vs. those without EDFF, suggesting compromised diastolic reserve. In patients with EDFF, the velocity–time integral (VTI) of EDFF was positively correlated with LVEDP and systemic vascular resistance, in addition to RV EDP. EDFF-VTI was correlated with hepatic venous wedge pressure and markers of hepatic dysfunction. Subanalysis of the older (≥6 years) half of the study cohort revealed that EDFF was associated with bi-atrial enlargement independent of RV volume, highlighting the pronounced role of EDFF on the diastolic property in the aged cohort.Conclusions: EDFF-VTI in patients with repaired TOF reflects RV diastolic dysfunction, affected by the left heart system. EDFF-VTI indicates blood stagnation, which may be attributed to end-organ damage.