著者

Naofumi Yoshida Kengo Sasaki Daisuke Sasaki Tomoya Yamashita Hajime Fukuda Tomohiro Hayashi Tokiko Tabata Ro Osawa Ken-ichi Hirata Akihiko Kondo

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.47415, (Released:2018-12-27)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

24

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Aim: Bacteroides vulgatus and B. dorei have a protective effect against atherosclerosis, suggesting that expansion of these species in the gut microbiota could help patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistant starch (RS) on the gut microbiota and its metabolites in fecal sample cultures from patients with CAD and individuals without CAD, using a single-batch fermentation system.Methods: Fecal samples from 11 patients with CAD and 10 individuals without CAD were fermented for 30 h with or without RS in the Kobe University Human Intestinal Microbiota Model (KUHIMM). Gut microbiota and the abundance of B. vulgatus and B. dorei were analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing and the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Short-chain fatty acids were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: Gut microbial analysis showed significantly lower levels of B. vulgatus and B. dorei in the original fecal samples from patients with CAD, which was simulated after 30 h of fermentation in the KUHIMM. Although RS significantly increased the absolute numbers of B. vulgatus and B. dorei, and butyrate levels in CAD fecal sample cultures, the numbers varied among each patient.Conclusions: The effect of RS on gut microbiota and its metabolites in the KUHIMM varied between CAD and non-CAD fecal sample cultures. The KUHIMM may be useful for preclinical evaluations of the effects of RS on the gut microbiota and its metabolites.

著者

Tomohiro Hayashi Tomoya Yamashita Hikaru Watanabe Kenjiro Kami Naofumi Yoshida Tokiko Tabata Takuo Emoto Naoto Sasaki Taiji Mizoguchi Yasuhiro Irino Ryuji Toh Masakazu Shinohara Yuko Okada Wataru Ogawa Takuji Yamada Ken-ichi Hirata

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.1, pp.182-192, 2018-12-25 (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

79

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Background: Gut microbiome composition or circulating microbiome-related metabolites in patients with heart failure (HF) have not been investigated at different time points (i.e., in the decompensated (Decomp) and compensated (Comp) phases). Methods and Results: We prospectively enrolled 22 patients admitted for HF and 11 age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched hospitalized control subjects without a history of HF. Gut flora and plasma microbiome-related metabolites were evaluated by amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene and capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry, respectively. HF patients were evaluated in both the Decomp and Comp phases during hospitalization. The phylum Actinobacteria was enriched in HF patients compared with control subjects. At the genus level, Bifiodobacterium was abundant while Megamonas was depleted in HF patients. Meanwhile, plasma concentration of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiome-derived metabolite, was increased in HF patients (Decomp HF vs. control, P=0.003; Comp HF vs. control, P=0.004). A correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between the abundance of the genus Escherichia/Shigella and levels of TMAO and indoxyl sulfate (IS, a microbe-dependent uremic toxin) in Comp HF (TMAO: r=0.62, P=0.002; IS: r=0.63, P=0.002). Escherichia/Shigella was more abundant in Decomp than in Comp HF (P=0.030). Conclusions: Our results suggest that gut microbiome composition and microbiome-related metabolites are altered in HF patients.

著者

Tomoya Yamashita Tomohiro Hayashi Tokiko Tabata Ken-ichi Hirata

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.10, pp.2470-2471, 2018-09-25 (Released:2018-09-25)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

4