著者

Takahiro SEURA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2019-034, (Released:2020-08-01)

被引用文献数

2

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Recent evidence suggests that psychological stress is associated with gut microbiota; however, there are no reports of its association with gut microbial structure. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between psychological stress and gut microbial patterns in young Japanese adults. Analysis of fecal microbiota was performed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Psychological stress was assessed using salivary biomarkers, including cortisol, alpha-amylase, and secretory IgA (S-IgA). Fecal microbial patterns were defined using principal component analysis of the T-RFLP profile and were classified into two enterotype-like clusters, which were defined by the B (microbiota dominated by Bacteroides) and BL patterns (microbiota dominated by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillales), respectively. The Simpson index was significantly higher for the BL pattern than for the B pattern. The salivary cortisol level was significantly lower for the BL pattern than for the B pattern. Salivary alpha-amylase and S-IgA levels showed a negative correlation with the Simpson index. Our results raise the possibility that salivary biomarkers may be involved in the observed differences in microbial patterns.

著者

Takahiro SEURA Yoko YOSHINO Tsutomu FUKUWATARI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.6, pp.396-404, 2017 (Released:2018-01-12)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

23

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Recent studies have shown that dietary content affects the health of the host by changing the gut microbiota. However, little is known about the association of microbiota composition with habitual diet in Japanese people. Here, we aimed to clarify the relationship between the fecal microbiota and habitual dietary intake of micronutrients, macronutrients and food groups in healthy young Japanese women. Analysis of fecal microbiota was performed by the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) method, and a dietary survey was conducted over three consecutive days using a weighed food record method. T-RFLP pattern analysis divided the subjects into two clusters, where cluster A group had a high relative abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium cluster IV, and cluster B group had a high relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillales. Cluster A group also had lower intakes of iron and vitamin K and higher intakes of mushrooms and snacks than cluster B group. Analysis of Spearman rank correlations found several significant relationships between fecal microbiota and intake of nutrients and food groups. Bifidobacterium was correlated with iron intake, and Clostridium cluster XI was negatively correlated with intakes of cholesterol and eggs. These results suggest that dietary habits may strongly affect Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Clostridium abundance in the gut microbiota of young Japanese women. This is the first study to show relationships between fecal microbiota and habitual dietary intake in Japanese people. Accumulation of results from similar studies will help to elucidate the relationships between dietary intake and diseases in Japanese people.

著者

Katsumi SHIBATA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI Satoshi SASAKI Mitsue SANO Kahoru SUZUKI Chiaki HIRATSUKA Asami AOKI Chiharu NAGAI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.178-186, 2013 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

69

被引用文献数

11 15

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Recent studies have shown that the urinary excretion levels of water-soluble vitamins can be used as biomarkers for the nutritional status of these vitamins. To determine changes in the urinary excretion levels of water-soluble vitamins during pregnant and lactating stages, we surveyed and compared levels of nine water-soluble vitamins in control (non-pregnant and non-lactating women), pregnant and lactating women. Control women (n=37), women in the 2nd (16-27 wk, n=24) and 3rd trimester of pregnancy (over 28 wk, n=32), and early- (0-5 mo, n=54) and late-stage lactating (6-11 mo, n=49) women took part in the survey. The mean age of subjects was ~30 y, and mean height was ~160 cm. A single 24-h urine sample was collected 1 d after the completion of a validated, self-administered comprehensive diet history questionnaire to measure water-soluble vitamins or metabolites. The average intake of each water-soluble vitamin was ≈ the estimated average requirement value and adequate intake for the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes in all life stages, except for vitamin B6 and folate intakes during pregnancy. No change was observed in the urinary excretion levels of vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, biotin or vitamin C among stages. Urine nicotinamide and folate levels were higher in pregnant women than in control women. Urine excretion level of vitamin B1 decreased during lactation and that of pantothenic acid decreased during pregnancy and lactation. These results provide valuable information for setting the Dietary Reference Intakes of water-soluble vitamins for pregnant and lactating women.

著者

Katsumi SHIBATA Akiko TACHIKI Kana MUKAEDA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI Satoshi SASAKI Yoshiki JINNO

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.343-346, 2013 (Released:2013-09-24)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

3 6

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Most Japanese women do not consume the estimated average requirement of vitamin B6 (1.7 mg/d) during pregnancy. Nevertheless, these deficiencies are not reported. We investigated a nutritional biomarker of vitamin B6 in pregnant Japanese women as well as their vitamin B6 intakes. Vitamin B6 intakes in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy, and 1 mo after delivery were 0.79±0.61 (n=56), 0.81±0.29 (n=71), 0.90±0.35 (n=92), and 1.00±0.31 (n=44) mg/d, respectively. Plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy, and 1 mo after delivery were 57.1±27.6 (n=56), 23.3±16.7 (n=71), 18.3±12.5 (n=92), and 43.9±33.4 (n=44) nmol/L, respectively. The plasma concentrations significantly decreased in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy compared to values from the first trimester (p<0.05), and these concentrations returned to the values of the first trimester of pregnancy 1 mo after birth.

著者

Katsumi SHIBATA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.5, pp.334-339, 2014 (Released:2015-01-16)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3 9

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Picolinic acid (PiA) is an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan that has been reported to possess a wide range of physiological actions. We investigated the effects of dietary PiA on the metabolism of tryptophan to nicotinamide in growing rats. Feeding an ordinary diet containing 1% PiA to growing rats (6 wk) caused death within a few days. Toxicity of PiA was higher than that of analogs such as nicotinic acid and quinolinic acid. Feeding an ordinary diet containing 0.05% and 0.1% PiA did not elicit decreased intake of food or loss in body weight. PiA did not affect the in vitro liver activities of quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase or α-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSDase, a Zn-dependent enzyme). Concentrations of NAD and NADP in the liver and blood were not affected by PiA. PiA administration did not affect tryptophan metabolites such as anthranilic acid, kynurenic acid, and xanthurenic acid. However, quinolinic acid and subsequent metabolites such as nicotinamide and its catabolites were increased by administration of a diet containing 0.05% PiA but not by a 0.1% PiA diet. These results suggest that the in vivo activity of ACMSDase is controlled by the Zn level. Therefore, a small amount of PiA has a beneficial effect for conversion of tryptophan to nicotinamide, but an excessive amount of PiA can be very toxic.

著者

Tsutomu FUKUWATARI Erina YOSHIDA Kei TAKAHASHI Katsumi SHIBATA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.19-26, 2010 (Released:2010-03-31)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

9 14

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Recent studies showed that the urinary excretion of the water-soluble vitamins can be useful as a nutritional index. To determine how fasting affects urinary excretion of water-soluble vitamins, a human study and an animal experiment were conducted. In the human study, the 24-h urinary excretion of water-soluble vitamins in 12 healthy Japanese adults fasting for a day was measured. One-day fasting drastically decreased urinary thiamin content to 30%, and increased urinary riboflavin content by 3-fold. Other water-soluble vitamin contents did not show significant change by fasting. To further investigate the alterations of water-soluble vitamin status by starvation, rats were starved for 3 d, and water-soluble vitamin contents in the liver, blood and urine were measured during starvation. Urinary excretion of thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B6 metabolite 4-pyridoxic acid, nicotinamide metabolites and folate decreased during starvation, but that of vitamin B12, pantothenic acid and biotin did not. As for blood vitamin levels, only blood vitamin B1, plasma PLP and plasma folate levels decreased with starvation. All water-soluble vitamin contents in the liver decreased during starvation, whereas vitamin concentrations in the liver did not decrease. Starvation decreased only concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in the skeletal muscle. These results suggest that water-soluble vitamins were released from the liver, and supplied to the peripheral tissues to maintain vitamin nutrition. Our human study also suggested that the effect of fasting should be taken into consideration for subjects showing low urinary thiamin and high urinary riboflavin.

著者

Katsumi SHIBATA Tsutomu FUKUWATARI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.87-92, 2013 (Released:2013-05-31)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 5

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It is thought that increasing energy expenditure increases consumption of vitamin B1, leading to an increase in the requirement of vitamin B1. However, evidence supporting this hypothesis is lacking. To examine the hypothesis, initially, we determined the minimum requirement of vitamin B1 for weaning rats. We found that the minimum requirement of vitamin B1 for optimum growth of weaning rats was around 0.786 mg thiamin/kg diet. Next, rats fed a diet containing the minimum requirement of vitamin B1 were forced to swim until exhaustion. Concentrations of vitamin B1 in the blood and liver as well as urinary excretion of swimming rats decreased significantly compared with those of non-swimming rats (p<0.05), while in rats fed the diet containing a sufficient amount of vitamin B1 (4.720 mg thiamin/kg diet), vitamin B1 amounts in the blood, liver and urine were not affected by swimming. We clearly and firstly showed the reduction of body vitamin B1 following increases in energy expenditure.