著者

Ayaka SHIBANO Hidehito KIMURA Shun TATEHARA Tatsuya FURUKAWA Kazuki INOUE Yuichi FUJITA Hiroaki NAGASHIMA Shunsuke YAMANISHI Tadashi NOMURA Ken-ichi NIBU Takashi SASAYAMA

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

NMC Case Report Journal (ISSN:21884226)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.243-247, 2022-12-31 (Released:2022-08-20)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3

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Owing to recent advances in medical optical technology, a high-definition (4K) three-dimensional (3D) exoscope has been developed as an alternative tool to using conventional microscopes for microscopic surgery, and its efficacy for neurosurgery has been reported. We report a case who underwent simultaneous surgery aiming for en bloc resection of an anterior skull base malignancy with concurrent exoscopic transcranial and endoscopic endonasal approaches using a 4K 3D exoscope. The patient was a 76-year-old woman who underwent en bloc resection for an anterior skull base olfactory neuroblastoma 13 years ago. After confirming the recurrence of progressive olfactory neuroblastoma, tumor resection was again decided to be performed. As with the first procedure, surgery was performed in an en bloc manner, using both transcranial and endonasal approaches. Exoscope provided enough space above the surgical field to allow us to perform transcranial and endonasal surgeries simultaneously. Moreover, the surgeons could maintain a comfortable posture throughout the procedure, and total tumor removal was successfully achieved without any abnormal event. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the introduction of an exoscope aiming for en bloc resection of an anterior skull base malignancy while performing simultaneous surgery with both transcranial and endonasal approaches. We believe that the more cases are accumulated, the more efficacy of a 4K 3D exoscope will be elucidated.

著者

Haruki Yamamoto Hiroko Kojima-Ando Kaori Ohki Yuichi Fujita

出版者

Applied Microbiology, Molecular and Cellular Biosciences Research Foundation

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.01.009, (Released:2020-04-02)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

8

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Protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) reduction is the penultimate step of chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis, and is catalyzed by two evolutionarily unrelated enzymes: dark-operative Pchlide oxidoreductase (DPOR) and light-dependent Pchlide oxidoreductase (LPOR). Because LPOR is the sole Pchlide reductase in angiosperms, dark-grown seedlings of angiosperms become etiolated. LPOR exists as a ternary complex of Pchlide-NADPH-LPOR to form paracrystalline prolamellar bodies (PLBs) in etioplasts. Because LPOR is distributed ubiquitously across oxygenic phototrophs including cyanobacteria, it would be important to determine whether cyanobacterial LPOR has the ability to form PLBs. We isolated a DPOR-less transformant ΔchlL/LPORox, carrying a plasmid to overexpress cyanobacterial LPOR in the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana. The transformant did not produce Chl in the dark and became etiolated with an accumulation of Pchlide and LPOR. Novel PLB-like ultrastructures were observed in etiolated cells, which disappeared during the early stage of the light-dependent greening process. However, the rate of Chl production in the greening process of ΔchlL/LPORox was almost the same as that observed in the control cells, which carried an empty vector. An in vitro LPOR assay of extracts of dark-grown ΔchlL/LPORox cells suggested that the PLB-like structures are deficient in NADPH. Low-temperature fluorescence emission spectra of membrane fractions of the etiolated cells indicated the absence of the photoactive form of Pchlide, which was consistent with the inefficiency of the greening process. Cyanobacterial LPOR exhibited an intrinsic ability to form PLB-like ultrastructures in the presence of the co-accumulation of Pchlide; however, the PLB-like structure differed from the authentic PLB regarding NADPH deficiency.