- 著者
- Yasumi Kimura Hitomi Suga Satomi Kobayashi Satoshi Sasaki the Three-Generation Study of Women on Diets and Health Study Group
- 出版者
- Japan Epidemiological Association
- 雑誌
- Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.JE20190010, (Released:2019-06-22)
- 参考文献数
- 48
- 被引用文献数
- 14
Background: Depression in elderly people is a major global concern around the world. Epidemiological evidence of the association of beverages with depressive symptoms has received research attention; however, epidemiological studies on the association of coffee and green tea with depressive symptoms for the elderly population are limited. The objective of this study is to cross-sectionally examine the association of depressive symptoms with the intake of coffee, green tea and caffeine and to verify the antidepressant effect of caffeine.Methods: The subjects were 1992 women aged 65–94 years. Intakes of coffee, green tea and caffeine as well as depressive symptoms were assessed with a validated brief dietary history questionnaire (BDHQ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for depressive symptoms with adjustments for potential confounders.Results: Coffee intake was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms, the ORs of which for the 4th vs. the 1st quartiles of intake was 0.64 (95% CI 0.46-0.88, P for trend = 0.01) in a fully adjusted model. Caffeine intake was marginally associated with depressive symptoms, but the association was not statistically significant (OR = 0.75; 95% CI 0.55–1.02, P for trend = 0.058).Conclusion: The result suggests that the inverse association on depressive symptoms might be expected not only caffeine intake but also some other substances in coffee or factors related to coffee intake. Because of its cross-sectional design, longitudinal studies are required to confirm the present finding.
- 著者
- Ayumi Hashimoto Kentaro Murakami Satomi Kobayashi Hitomi Suga Satoshi Sasaki the Three-generation Study of Women on Diets and Health Study Group
- 出版者
- Japan Epidemiological Association
- 雑誌
- Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.JE20200030, (Released:2020-05-16)
- 参考文献数
- 34
- 被引用文献数
- 4
Background: The disparity of overall diet quality by personal educational attainment has been a public issue. However, it remains unknown which food groups contribute to the disparity. This cross-sectional study assesses which food groups explain associations between education and overall diet quality in Japanese women.Methods: A total of 3788 middle-aged (mean: 47.7 years) and 2188 older women (mean: 74.4 years), who lived in 47 prefectures in Japan, provided data on their education (low, middle, and high) and dietary intakes from a diet history questionnaire. A diet quality score (possible score 0-70) was calculated based on seven food components. Mean diet quality scores with adjustment for lifestyle and neighborhood variables were estimated by education, and Dunnett’s multiple comparison was conducted. Additionally, mean scores of each food component were estimated by education and compared using the same manner.Results: After adjustment for lifestyle and neighborhood variables, mean diet quality score of high or middle education was higher than low education for both generations. Middle-aged women with high and middle education had higher scores of ‘milk’, ‘snacks, confection, and beverages’, ‘fruits’, and ‘vegetable dishes’ than those with low education. Older women with high and middle education had higher scores of ‘sodium from seasonings’ and ‘fruits’ than those with low education.Conclusions: This study suggests that positive associations between education and diet quality are explained by different food groups in middle-aged and older Japanese women, which are independent of lifestyle and neighborhood variables.