著者

張 林倩 ZHANG Linqian

出版者

名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科

雑誌

名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科紀要. 教育科学 (ISSN:13460307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.51-63, 2018-10-01

---

Neoliberalism has gained status as a dominant manner of discourse since the 1970’s, yet its concepts remain vague and difficult to evaluate. Foucault’s Theory of Governmentality offers a theoretical framework from which to critically evaluate neoliberalism. This paper attempts to reconsider neoliberalism critically using Foucault’s Theory of Governmentality. First, I review the history of neoliberalism and describe its characteristics. Neoliberalism, first created in Germany and the United States in 1930’s, was not the regression of Classical liberalism; rather it was attempt to demarcate the possibility and limitation of government intervention. Next, utilizing Foucault’s Theory of Governmentality, I reexamine neoliberalism critically. According to neoliberal governance, economic growth gives justification to the state when it experiences a crisis. When this occurs, the positions of economic power and legal power within a society are reversed. Thus, neoliberalism has the effect of breaking down the border between the social arena and the market; society becomes commercialized and market by homo-economics. This results is an internalization of the market principle, with society governing via investing in itself in order to manage risk, In this way, neoliberalism makes it possible to justify itself by reorganizing the legal system. Additionally, neoliberalism established a hegemony by producing a system of homo-economics with its neoliberal governing model.