著者

南出 和余

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST.ANDREW,S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.91-108, 2014-03-28

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In Bangladesh today, many young people are migrating from rural villages to urban areas as a result of the rapid economic growth occurring in the country. Especially under the expansion of primary education in rural areas since the late 1980s, many children have begun to go to school while their parents had little experience of schooling. This generation is the so called "first educated generation" in their families. Through this school experience, they have acquired a "nonagricultural orientation" and have gone to urban areas where they are able to find work, but with low wages, mainly at the garment factories that are expanding significantly throughout the country. For a Japanese anthropologist, talking about the urban migration of young people during a time of economic growth reminds one of the experience of Japan in the 1960s. Many young people who had just graduated from high school or junior high school had migrated from rural to urban areas to find work, being typified by "mass employment." The "baby boomers" who were born in the post-war period definitely brought about economic growth as well as social changes in Japanese society. In this paper, I focus on the experience of my parents, who were part of the rural-urban migration in Japan in the 1960s, being motivated by my research in Bangladesh on the children and youth who are recently undergoing a similar migration experience. Their lives in 1960s Japan were influenced by the job situation in both rural and urban areas, by the relationship between rural and urban areas, and more directly by the network of urban migrants. At the same time, their experience itself revolutionized society. These factors can be adopted as a comparative perspective when I study the impact and effects of the urban migration of young people and the social transformation now taking place in Bangladesh. The anthropological "self" perspective between my background and my target society will be examined.