著者

角道 亮介

出版者

東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科・文学部考古学研究室

雑誌

東京大学考古学研究室研究紀要 (ISSN:02873850)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.41-75, 2008-03-20

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宝鶏〓国墓地の出土青銅器に対する検討を行い、〓集団と西周王朝との関係性について考察を行った。〓国墓地の各墓は報告書によってそれぞれ時期が与えられているが、本論文では基本的にはこの時期区分に従い、青銅器の編年を中心に若干の修正を加えて、〓国墓地について3 期を設定した。この3 期区分を利用して、〓国墓地出土の青銅彝器の出土点数と青銅武器・青銅工具の出土状況とを合わせて考えることで、当墓地の被葬者を首長階級・貴族階級の男性墓と女性墓とに分類し時期ごとの変化を追うことが可能となる。〓国1期の段階では首長墓・貴族墓ともに規則的な配置を見せるが、2 期以降、その規則性は崩れる。また、〓国墓地出土遺物の系統性について検討すると、王朝系・四川系・在地系の三系統が指摘できる。この三系統の時期ごとの推移という点に注目すると、四川系の漸次的な減少と3期における王朝系の増加という傾向を読み取ることができた。これら〓国2期から3期にかけての変化の背景としては、王朝礼制を積極的に利用しようとした集団支配層の意志があったことを強く認識すべきである。 ( 〓は「弓」へんに「魚」)This paper analyzes the bronze ritual vessels excavated in Yu cemeteries and investigates the relationship between Yu people and the Western Zhou dynasty. The bronze ritual vessels show that the chronological sequence of Yu tombs can be divided into three phases(Phase Ⅰ-Ⅲ), and the difference among these tombs indicates that Yu cemeteries consist of four types of tomb distinguished by gender and classes; the ruling class and the upper class. In PhaseⅠ, the arrangement of the Yu tomb was completely regular, however, this pattern disappeared from Phase Ⅱ downward. The bronzes in Yu cemeteries are also divided into three types; Zhou dynasty bronzes, Sichuan bronzes and original bronzes. The change in the amount of these bronzes shows that Sichuan bronzes decreased throughout all phases and Zhou dynasty bronzes increased in Phase Ⅲ. It is concluded that these changes in Phase Ⅱ and Phase Ⅲ resulted from Yu rulers' intention of adopting a ritual system of the Western Zhou dynasty.

著者

新美 倫子

出版者

東京大学文学部考古学研究室

雑誌

東京大学文学部考古学研究室研究紀要 (ISSN:02873850)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.137-171, 1990-12-28

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The purpose of this paper is to consider the relation between Man and his environ-ment during the Jomon era by using faunal remains, which were mainly excavated from Middle and Late Jomon period sites in Hokkaido. The North Pacific Ocean, which is rich in sea mammals, encouraged peoples along its coasts to develop various techniques in hunting these animals. Drift ice carries many sea mammals to Hokkaido, which is located on the northwestern rim of the Pacific, and people living there hunted sea mammals from the Jomon to the modern period. It has been pointed out that sea mammal hunting was an important subsistence activity in Hokkaido since the Jomon era. In this paper, I focused on the techniques of hunting sea mammals, especially the Fur Seal (Callorhinus ursinus), Japanese Sea Lion (Zalophus califoraianus japonicus) and Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubata) in the Jomon culture in Hokkaido. In order to discuss the technical developments of sea mammal hunting, I examined the remains of sea mammals that have been excavated and classfied them into several groups by their age and sex. The life cycle and migratory patterns of each species were also examined. Using these results, I divided the sea mammal hunting techniques into six types, according to technical complexity. Types A and B, which were used since the Early Jomon period, were not well-developed. This shows that at that time sea mammal hunting was not a stable enough major food supply. Hunting by techniques C to F, which were in use after the Middle Jomon, became an important subsistence activity on all coasts of Hokkaido. Around Uchiura Bay, of course, sea mammal hunting had been important since the Early Jomon. I also attempted to examine the ratio of vegetable food in the total diet of the Jomon culture in Hokkaido. To that end, I used the quantity of grinding stones as an index. I calculated the ratio of grinding stones to several stone tools in each of 36 Early to Late Jomon sites. The result shows that the use of grinding stones gradually retreated south over time, something which we might be able to attribute to climatic changes. It can be said that climatic changes in the Jomon era made plant f ood an unstable f ood supply f or the Jomon people, especially for those who lived on the northern boundary of the exploited flora. It is concluded that while the plant food supply fluctuated with climatic changes, sea mammal hunting became a more stable food supply after the Middle Jomon period. In this sense, sea mammal hunting was an important adaptation to the cold environment for the Jomon people in Hokkaido.

著者

石井 龍太

出版者

東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科・文学部考古学研究室

雑誌

東京大学考古学研究室研究紀要 (ISSN:02873850)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.133-145, 2007-03-20

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琉球王国が主に近世期に生産し消費した琉球近世瓦,そのうち石垣島で生産,消費されたものを集成し分類するのが本稿の目的である。先ず呼称や分類について一定の方式を提案したい。琉球近世瓦については筆者のものを含め既に幾つか論考があるが,本稿では昨年度に筆者が示した基準に従い,諸特徴と瓦当紋様に注目して分類を試みた。沖縄本島の琉球近世瓦の瓦当紋様において,その大半のモチーフは牡丹である。そしてこれら牡丹紋様は大まかに五つに分けることが出来る。この分類を適用すると石垣島には牡丹紋様IIと分類した紋様系統が存在し,沖縄本島とは異なる独自の変遷を辿る。各々の系統毎に子房,花弁,さらに軒平瓦に置いては左右に大きく表現される葉を主要素としてその変遷を追い,型式学的分類を試みた。さらに葺き方に関する特徴,流儀に関する特徴を明らかにし,沖縄本島との共通点,相違点に注意しつつ分類を試みた。

著者

倉林 眞砂斗

出版者

東京大学文学部考古学研究室

雑誌

東京大学文学部考古学研究室研究紀要 (ISSN:02873850)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.167-185, 1987-06-30