著者

横山 七郎

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.50-82, 1965-03

著者

金子 章

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.1-14, 1963-07-10

著者

三原 武夫

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部 = Research bulletin of Obihiro Zootechnical University. Series II (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.1-20, 1961-03-30

著者

川端 喬

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告 第2部 人文・社会科学篇 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.4, pp.p245-274, 1976-02

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(1) Lawrence's The Rainbow was published on the 30th September, 1915, and prosecuted by The Public Morality Council as 'a mass of obscenity of thought, idea, and action throughout', and forbidden to be sold on the 13th November, 1915. Lawrence says in one of his letters that "he had inside him a sort of answer to the want of to-day : to the real, deep want of the English people, not to just what they fancy they want". And he says in another letter that "the characters in the novel were not described in a certain moral scheme, but from the point of view that what they are as some greater, inhuman will. So we cannot find an old stable ego in them, but an another ego, according to whose action the individual is unrecognisable, and passes through allotropic states which are states of the same single radically unchanged element". (2) Tom and Lydia Lawrence describes their first meeting as a tacit coming together in concert of their two lives through the medium of inhuman will or soul's logic. To Tom women are the symbol for the further life which comprises religion, love and morality, and the fulfilment of his sensual desire. This conflict between spiritual and sensual life is sublated by dismissing his self-conscious ego and recognizing an otherness which cannot be controlled by a self-conscious ego. They consummated their relationship and their love surged and went down according to the rhythm of nature. Lawrence shows their relation as an ideal one. (3) Anna and Will Their relation is shown as a relationship which turns out to be egoistic through the opposition and contention of light and darkness, intellect and anti-intellect. It is ideal that Anna's world of intellect or light and Will's world of anti-intellect or darkness should be in an equilibrium. When the equilibrium between them is destroyed, their life becomes anti-life. Anna triumphed by destroying Will's mystical world, attacking it by intellect. But the result for her was only an ill-balanced self. She glorified and apotheosized her ill-balanced self as a perfect self. She danced trium-phantly before her Lord, egoistic God. Will lost his mystical world and gave himself up to a sensual life and pursued egoistically absolute beauty by his self-conscious ego and went in the direction of anti-life, sexual perversion. (4) Ursula and Skrebensky Lawrence seems to be trying to resurrect the life of modern man which almost suffccates by 'the average Self' which modern mechanical civilization forces us to be under. Ursula knows that the real world has lost its vivid life to 'the average Self' the commonplace. Things claimed as the highest good of the community are 'a general nuisance, representing the vulgar, conservative materialism at a low level', Skrebensky is the symbol for this ugly world. Debating with him, Ursula felt a deadness, a sterility around him. The lingering indefiniteness in their intercourse up to the time of his flight shows her conflict between loving him on the moral scheme of daytime consciousness and rejecting him or his anti-life world by her unconscious will. The firmness of being, the sense of permanency she had when she rejected Skrebensky completely and was in some way the stone at the bottom of the river, gives her a knowledge that instead of mad pursuit of eternity or absoluteness far away from the infinite God, we should accept God's creation and His love uncondionally and be at oneness with the infinite God. This basic relationship between God and man is understood as the point where man has to come back from his highly developed mechanical civilization.

著者

三原 武夫

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部 = Research bulletin of Obihiro Zootechnical University. Series II (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.1-23, 1954-09-28

著者

中原 淳一

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部, 人文・社会科学篇 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.4, pp.217-225, 1976-02-25

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Taxonomy of 2×2 games has been shown by Rapoport & Guyer. Later, Hamburger introduced a metric classification system of 2×2 games restricting his examination on separability of payoffs. If the classification system is a metrical one, then not only comparability of game behavior of strategicaly different games, but also quantitative analysis of game behavior is supposed to be possible by using the parameters of the system. Moreover, dynamic game methods should become a powerful experimental method for the study of interpersonal interaction processes, if the system contains metricaly related, psychologicaly meaningful games such as prisoner's dilemma game, chicken game and so on. Following the above preliminary considerations the author presented a new way of construction of the 2×2 game system. Itemized discussions are as follows : 1. A state vector is attributed for each player. The element of this vector is a potential payoff. A rectangular arrangement of these vectors makes a state matrix. The state matrix of a two-person game is shown as follow : [numerical formula] 2. Somewhat ad hoc payoff rules are applied to the state matrix, and the 2×2 payoff matrix is constructed as follow : [numerical formula] 3. Characteristics of games which are deducible from this parametric payoff matrix are discussed. 4. A symmetric case (α=β, x=y) is examined at first, and α is hypothesized to be a fixed parameter. In this case, game are quasi-chicken games if x>α, prisoner's dilemma game if α>x>α/2, quasi-coordination games if α/2>x>o, and pure coordination game if x=0. 5. An asymmetric case (a=β, x≠y) is considered next. In this case, if y>α>x, then column player's payoffs are always secured as positive, and also he can determine row player's payoff as positive or negative only by his own strategic choice. This game is called the absolute positive-negative control game. 6. Finally, several further extensions of the method are discussed.

著者

高橋 陽一

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部, 人文・社会科学篇 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.185-193, 1980-03-18

著者

高橋 陽一

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部, 人文・社会科学篇 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.103-118, 1979-03-20

著者

西出 公之 スウィンガー アリス

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部, 人文社会科学論集 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.4, pp.659-689, 1989-03-25

著者

ミラー マービン

出版者

帯広畜産大学

雑誌

帯広畜産大学学術研究報告. 第II部, 人文・社会科学篇 (ISSN:03857735)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.60-78, 1973-03-30

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現代活躍している文学作家あるいは現代劇作家たちの中に,よく宗教的テーマを取り上げている人がいることはたびたび指摘されている。ある時は聖書のイメージをそのまま借り,ある時は神学的用語を利用することもある。この論文の目的は,アメリカの一流劇作家のアーサー・ミラーが書いた「転落の後に」と,旧約聖書の創世記1章から4章までにでてくる人間の本質に関する教えやイメージを比較することにある。創世記にあるイメージのほとんどが主人公のクェンティンと彼の2番目の妻になったマギーとの間の会話に現われてくる。弁護士クェンティンが妻と娘の待つ家へ帰る途中,初めて彼女に会った時の彼の励ましのことばが彼女のために新しい生活の出発点になった。その結果,マギーは彼を神々のように見るようになった。ふたりの関係の進行と,創世記に記述されている誘惑の進行の中に,ほとんど同じ段階が見られる。つまり,どちらも哲学的レベルからしらずしらずに全く好色の誘惑へという段階を辿っている。結婚して間もなく,新しい妻マギーを憎むようになった原因は,自分の心の中の悪から生まれてきたものであることを彼は認めた。妻の死を望んでいることに気がついた時,自分は恐ろしい人間であることが初めてわかってきた。これは彼ひとりの問題ではなく,全人類が彼のように悪を持っていることがこの劇の重要点のひとつだと思う。「転落の後に」にある救いは,最後の場面に次のようにまとめて書かれてある。「人間とは危険な存在だと!-今でもぼくはこの世界をふたたび愛し,生きぬく確信をもっている。-やはり転落の後に,原罪を背負い,多くの死に当面した後に,真に知りうるのだ。-殺そうと思うことは殺すことではない。しかし,恵まれた勇気をもって,もしも現われ出るならば,それに立ち向うだろう。そして愛のきざしによって家族の邪魔者に対するように,これを許す。くり返し,くり返し,永遠にか?-」(アーサー・ミラー全集第III巻,226〜227ページ,菅原卓訳,早川書房)結論に至る過程の背景には,聖書的・神学的イメージが流れていると言える。その結論にも聖書の教えに似たような点が少なくともふたつある。ひとつは救いの希望,いまひとつは,人間の救いが実現されるために人間と神との協力が必要であることである。しかし,一方ではクェンティンが自分の悪の全責任を負って,自分の力でその人間性の醜さを絶えず許すという決心がでてくるが,聖書による救いとは程遠い。悪の問題の最終的解決は,人間の外側からでないと不可能であることを聖書は絶えず教えている。すなわち,全人類の救いは神から(つまり,人間の外側からきた)イエス・キリストを通してしか得られないと聖書は主張するが,クェンティンによる解決はこれと全く対照をなしている。