著者

松野 敬子

出版者

関西大学社会安全学部

雑誌

社会安全学研究 = Safety science review (ISSN:21860815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.67-83, 2011-03-31

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Since 1960s, injuries have been the main cause of death for children. The prevention of the accidents of children remains a serious social problem. Especially, we see numerous accidents with playground equipment. However, Japan didn't have any safety guidelines and standards of the playground equipment. And also measures of accident prevention were far from satisfactory. At last, in 2002, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport published the safety guideline of the playground equipment. In spite of the publication of the guideline, accidents caused by playground equipment still occur occasionally. In this study, we examine the problem of the actual guideline and the way to improve the situation concerning the playground for the children from a viewpoint of social risk management.

著者

金子 信也

出版者

関西大学社会安全学部

雑誌

社会安全学研究 = Safety science review (ISSN:21860815)

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.129-137, 2013-03-31

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The purpose of this survey is to evaluate the educational effects of a delivery lecture on character analysis for high school students. People are now clamoring about the need for career counseling adapted to the times. The effect of the egogram carried out for high school students as part of career counseling was checked from their comment. Based on this consideration the importance of various types of career counseling for the young people is argued.

著者

渋谷 陽二 山内 賀喜 小澤 守

出版者

関西大学 社会安全研究センター

雑誌

社会安全学研究 = Safety science review (ISSN:21860815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.43-52, 2020-03-31

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Heinrich's law has been well known as the statistical law of labor accident which suggests that one seriously injured disaster of the workplace hazard can be statistically obtained in the basis of the certain number of disasters without any injury. In this paper, the process of the labor accident is regarded as the spatio-temporal evolutional problem from the complex system. Cellular automata (CA) method is applied to solve this process as a metaphor model under the appropriate local rule. The effects of initial existence ratio of the first level disaster without any injury and kinds of local rules employed in the CA are discussed with much emphasis. Then, the probability of each level accident as the results of the pattern dynamics was assessed, being compared with the humanistic Heinrich's law. It is found that the initial existence ratio of the first level disaster of around 60% suits this experienced law. The spatio and temporal evolution behaviors were obtained by considering the level transition probability based on the normal probability distribution. The averaging occurence ratio of each level accident for whole the region is related to the long-term averaging silimar to the statistical thermodynamic ergodic property. The magnitude of damage by each level accident was defined as the power-law scaling and then the risk assessments were finally performed for the convergent states of spatio-temporal evolution.

著者

坂岡 和寛 大坪 正行 小山 倫史

出版者

関西大学 社会安全研究センター

雑誌

社会安全学研究 = Safety science review (ISSN:21860815)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.3-23, 2016

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Plain concrete piers mainly constructed from the Taisho to early Showa era instead of masonry piers and have been used. Since the resistance of plain concrete piers to earthquakes is weaker than the reinforced concrete piers constructed after 1955, serious damage caused by earthquakes is observed in some plain concrete piers. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the current conditions of plain concrete piers for railway bridge and their damage caused by earthquake to obtain the fundamental data for further development of the effective countermeasure of plain concrete piers without increasing the cross section. According to the investigation of current situation and damage caused by earthquakes, the plain concrete piers were seriously damaged by even earthquakes with small seismic intensity. This may be caused by the fact that the criteria for seismic design of railway piers was not established before 1930. In addition, some slides occurs along the construction joint of concrete in the direction perpendicular to the railway track and serious damage was observed in the lower part of the construction joints. In the future, a series of shaking table tests using large scale replica of plain concrete pier and their numerical simulations are planed in order to clarify the damage mechanism of the plain concrete piers during earthquakes.