著者

Ikuo KABASHIMA Ryosuke IMAI

出版者

Japanese Association of Electoral Studies

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Electoral Studies (ISSN:09123512)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.5-17,180, 2001-02-28 (Released:2009-01-22)

参考文献数

10

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「神の国」をはじめ一連の発言で首相としての資質を問われた森首相に対する評価は2000年総選挙での有権者の投票行動に影響していたのか。本稿の目的は,2000年総選挙を題材に,従来あまり注目されることのなかった党首評価と投票行動の関連を明らかにし,日本の投票行動研究に新たな理論的貢献を試みることにあった。分析の結果明らかになったことは,次の3点である。第1に,投票行動に党首評価は影響を与えており,しかもその影響は小選挙区よりも比例区に顕著に見られた。第2に,党首評価は小選挙区•比例区の2票の使い方,いわゆる分割投票にも影響を与えていた。そして第3に,森首相に対する評価には内閣業績評価,「神の国」「国体」など一連の発言に対する評価,自公保という連立の枠組に対する評価が影響を与えており,中でも発言に対する評価の影響が最も大きかった。

著者

Takeshi KAWASAKI

出版者

Japanese Association of Electoral Studies

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Electoral Studies (ISSN:09123512)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.226-235,276, 1998-02-28 (Released:2009-01-22)

参考文献数

31

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The German electoral system is known as a system which combines the principle of proportionality with the relative-majority system of single-member constituencies. In the discussions on electoral reform in Japan, the German electoral system was regarded as an ideal model for the Japanese one. But does the German system really deserve to be admired as an ideal model?In some constituencies in elections to the German ‘Bundestag’, where political parties are more familiar to voters than individual candidates, voters do not in fact choose a candidate from candidates of two major parties, but one of several candidates belonging to same party. For example, at a constituency in Land Baden-Württemberg, the ‘first vote’ means that a candidate from the CDU in this constituency is selected and that one of the candidates on the CDU party list is selected.On the other hand there is a tendency in the proportional system for voters to select a party based not only on the party ideology and/or party program, but also on the candidate for Federal Chancellor. For that position the party leader of major parties is often selected. The election in 1990 was noted as a victory by the government parties (CDU/CSU/FDP), because both Chancellor Kohl and Foreign Minister Genscher greatly contributed to the German Unification.But was it true? The Greens failed in the election due to the ‘5 percent clause’. One of the reasons for that was, that Lafontaine, the Chancellor candidate from the opposition party SPD, was popular among Greens supporters. He asserted that the environmental policy and peace movement, which were proposed by the Greens, are vital. The failure of the Greens increased the numher of ineffectual votes, consequently the shere of votes obtained the greatest parties, the CDU/CSU, rose.