著者
岡田 早苗
出版者
日本乳酸菌学会誌
雑誌
日本乳酸菌学会誌 = Journal of Japan Society for Lactic Acid Bacteria (ISSN:1343327X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.1, pp.23-36, 2002-06-01
参考文献数
58
被引用文献数
5 14

Plant origin Lactic Acid Bacteria (POLAB), lactic acid bacteria associated with the fermentation of plant-materials, are discussed in this paper.<BR>If we mention about dairy fermented foods, we automatically think of yogurt, cheese, and LAB drink. These fermented foods were originated from Europe and West Asia, and mainly produced from milk which fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The author called &ldquo;dairy LAB&rdquo; for L AB concerning in the dairy fermented foods. The beneficially of dairy LAB for human health have been studied intensively in Europe and America.<BR>Whereas, in Japanese traditional fermented foods, plant origin are almost used as the raw materials. The well known fermented foods, such as Sake (alcohol beverage from rice), Miso (soybe an paste), and Shoyu (soy-sauce) are made from rice and soybeans. In the three mentioned above fermented foods, beside of molds and yeasts, LAB (L. sakei and Leuc. mesenteroides, Tetragenoco c cus halophilus) have also participate in the fermentation. Tsukemono (fermented vegetab les with salt), which consumed daily in various parts of Japan, LAB (L. plantarum, L. brevis, Leu. mesenteroides, etc. ) mainly have an important role for souring vegetables. Tsukemono is known as a food to promote Japanese health from long time ago. Moreover, as peculiar fermented drink, Awa-banch a and Goishi-cha (fermented tea leaves without salt in a big tub for ten days) produced in mountain area of Shikoku Island (Japan) were known as healthy foods in this area. It is recorded that large amount of Awa-bancha and Goishi-cha were consumed for long time in Japan. From the recent our researches, it is interesting that only L. plantarum equipped with DAP-peptidoglycan in cell wall participate in th e fermentation of these tea leaves because they can survive from tannic acids containing in the leave s. However, LAB equipped with Lys-peptidoglycan in cell wall unable to survive in this condition.<BR>In conclusion, traditionally, Japanese did not have any dairy fermented foods, but only had p lant materials fermented foods which benefit for health for long time. Therefore, the author empha s ize that &ldquo;plant origin lactic acid bacteria&rdquo;, which are associated with the fermentation of plant materials, have been important role for human health.<BR>The author consider following distinguish char a c teristics of POLAB<BR>-Compare with dairy LAB, POLAB are able to grow in environment with poor nutrition.<BR>-POLAB are able to survive from various inhibitory compounds produced by micr o o rganisms inhabit in plants.<BR>POL A B are useful for probiotics, the fermentation of agriculture biomass to collect lactic acid, and the biopreservative of raw-eating vegetables.
著者
室岡 義勝 山下 光雄
出版者
日本乳酸菌学会誌
雑誌
日本乳酸菌学会誌 = Journal of Japan Society for Lactic Acid Bacteria (ISSN:1343327X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.2, pp.72-79, 2003-12-01
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
2

フィリピンの発酵食品「Burong Isda」よりデンプン分解能を有する乳酸菌を分離し,<I>Lactobacillusplplantarum</I>Ll37と命名した。このL137株は,15種類のプラスミドを保持し,その一部を欠失した株は,アミラーゼ分解能を失った。熱殺菌したL137株は他の乳酸菌株と比べ, 顕著にIL-12およびinter feron-γを誘導し,anti-casein IgEを抑制した。これは,乳酸菌がアレルギー脱感作する可能性をIL-12レベルで示した最初の報告である。また,L137株は移植ガン抑制作用を持ち,IL-12誘導と相関性があることが示された。この乳酸菌の有効利用を目的として,発現ベクターの開発をした。この過程で,脂肪酸合成の第1段階であるアセチルCoAカルボキシラーゼ遺伝子群の<I>acc</I>オペロンを発見し,乳酸菌の脂肪酸要求の特徴を明らかにした。乳酸菌由来<I>acc</I>や<I>ldh</I>プロモーターを利用して,コレステロール酸化酵素遣伝子およびダニアレルゲン遺伝子の発現に成功した。<BR>この様に,乳酸菌に新機能を付与することにより,コレステロール分解を促進する株あるいは,アレルギーの減感作に役立つなど,高機能プロバイオティクス細菌を創生する糸口が得られた。