著者

三宅 鴻

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1991, no.7, pp.79-89, 1991-05-17 (Released:2012-07-06)

著者

南出 康世

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1989, no.5, pp.1-15, 1989-05-19 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

22

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It was during the eighteenth century that perhaps the greatest efforts were made to set up standards of correctness and force all grammar and usage to conform to such standards. Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language (1755) and Lowth's Short Introduction to English Grammar (1762) are two of the major milestones in the process of prescribing (i, e. standardizing, refining and fixing) the English language.In this paper we will consider in detail what roles prescriptivism has played in the grammatical and lexicographical description of English. In the course of the discussion of how prescriptivism has been codified by subsequent grammarians and lexicographers and how it has undergone various charges from descriptivists, we will clarify why Lowth tends to be less evaluated by modern linguists than Johnson in spite of the fact that they shared much the same normative attitude toward language. In the final section we will point out the linguistic potential of prescriptivism and argue that to condemn prescriptive grammar for failure to describe accurately is not to dismiss its whole conception as unscientific and pointless.

著者

中澤 紀子

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.22, pp.71-91, 2006-05-01 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

14

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From a diachronical point of view, there contact clauses are not derived by way of deleting subject relative pronouns of the relative clause constructions. But, rather, they are obtained, based on the apo koinou principle, by reducing the parataxis structure, i.e., two adjacent sentences, into one sentence. And these there contact clauses constitute part of the derivation of the relative structures.The basic assumption is that the relative structure is derived from the parataxis structure. And our new hypothesis is that the derivation is a two-way process: one way is from the parataxis, via pronominalization and conjunction insertion, to the relative structure; the other is from the parataxis, via there contact clause, to the relative structure. It is shown that this hypothesis accommodates all the data gathered from nursery rhymes.It is furthermore claimed that, in the transition from there contact clause to the relative structure in the above mentioned two-way process, emergence of the relative pronoun is motivated by a principle in Grammatical Dynamism which fills the gap in the syntactic paradigm, a step motivated by the existing process of relativization in the other route of this hypothesis.

著者

太田 聡

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, no.25, pp.127-133, 2009-05-01 (Released:2019-09-03)

参考文献数

6

著者

丹羽 牧代

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.3, pp.53-70, 1987-05-15 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

9

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It is often pointed out that the development of the gerundival construction can be analyzed as the acquisition of verbal property. In this paper, we will examine exactly what this property is or what it means that the gerundival construction has changed from nominal to verbal. Especially we are concerned with the question which part of the grammar has changed to allow the -ing to have this verbal property. “syntactic affixation” is referred to as the crucial notion for the explanation of the difference between -ing (or -ung) affix in Old English and -ing affix in Present-day English. We will analyze the change of the property of -ing as the consequence of a phonological, morphological, and syntactic blending of lexical affix -ing (-ung) and syntactic affix -ende through the period of Middle English. It will also be shown that the property of syntactic -ing as Verbal Case assigner is of great relevance to the development. The gerundival construction which has remained in Present-day English then will be described as the result of the change.

著者

石川 一久

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1992, no.8, pp.19-35, 1992-05-17 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

37

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It has often been argued that the basic linear order of a lexical hea and its complement is determined on the basis of the directionality of θ-role assignment by the head at D-Structure. Essentially assuming this idea, Kemenade(1987)considers the following fact in early English: Vs and As assign θ-role to the left and Ns and Ps to the right in OE, but these four categories all θ-mark to the right in ME.The present paper is an attempt to give an explanation to this fact within the GB framework. I make the following two claims. (i) Of all the lexical categories Ps first came to assign θ-role uniformly to the right in EME and their direction affected the directions of θ-role assignment by the other lexical categories. (ii) The first fixing of the direction of Ps'θ-marking is due to the fact that the functions of OE Case-endings were largely taken over by prepositions and word-order in EME.

著者

加藤 正治

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.10, pp.65-73, 1994-06-26 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

13

著者

平林 幹郎

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1990, no.6, pp.55-61, 1990-05-18 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

15

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言語変化についてSapir(1921,171)は次のようなフンボルト流の思想を明らかにした。Every word, every grammatical element, every locution, everysound and accent is a slowly changing configuration, molded by theinvisible and impersonal drift that is the life of language.どんな語,どんな文法的要素,どんな言回し,どんな音やアクセントも,言語の生命である,目に見えない,非個人的な漂流によって,形成され,徐々に変化していく外貌である。

著者

米倉 綽

出版者

近代英語協会

雑誌

近代英語研究 (ISSN:21864381)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1993, no.9, pp.53-65, 1993-06-26 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

34