著者

Yamada Seitaro Fukumoto Shin-ichiro

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Vetrinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.101-104, 2011-08

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Green- or brown-striped trematode sporocyst broodsacs typical of Leucochloridium infecting the ocular tentacles of a land snail, Succinea lauta, were collected in Abashiri, Hokkaido in northern Japan (N43° 59´, E144° 14´) in June of 2000 and 2001. The metacercariae isolated from the sporocyst broodsac were morphologically identified as Leucochloridium spp. (Leucoclhoridiidae Poche). This report is the first to describe evidential specimens of the sporocyst broodsac of the genus Leucochloridium Carus, 1835, infecting the intermediate host in Japan, suggesting that Leucochloridium spp. completes Their life cycle in Hokkaido, Japan.

著者

Ong Siew Mei Yamamoto Hiroki Saeki Kohei Tanaka Yuiko Yoshitake Ryohei Nishimura Ryohei Nakagawa Takayuki

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.17-28, 2017-02

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Numerous topoisomerase inhibitors with proven efficacy have been used extensively to treat various human neoplasms. However, among these, only doxorubicin has been used and studied extensively in veterinary oncology. The current study was performed to evaluate the responsiveness of canine osteosarcoma (cOSA), mammary gland tumour (cMGT), and malignant melanoma (cMM) cell lines to several topoisomerase inhibitors. In addition, the correlation between the sensitivity to treatment and multi-drug resistant (MDR) factors was investigated. cOSA cell lines exhibited higher sensitivity than cMGT and cMM cell lines to all the topoisomerase inhibitors tested in vitro; this was associated with the levels of multi-drug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) gene expression in the cOSA cell lines. Treatment of cOSA (HMPOS) and cMGT cell line (CHMp) xenograft mouse models with etoposide markedly delayed tumour progression in HMPOS xenografts, but failed to elicit lasting anti-tumour effects on CHMp xenograft mice. The present findings suggest that MDR1 represents a molecular signature for prediction of treatment efficacy of topoisomerase inhibitors, especially that of etoposide, which may be a clinically useful anti-tumour agent for cOSA; however, further study is necessary to refine the treatment protocol.

著者

Yang Jun-Li Ha Thi Kim Quy Oh Won Keun

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.S53-S63, 2016-02

著者

Hussein Mohamed A. Ahmed Mona M. Morshedy Alaa M.

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.2, pp.S225-S231, 2016-04

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The great invasion of antibiotics in our food has become a crude problem due to the noncodified use of them in our farms for treatment of infections or as a food supplement to improve growth and animal output that inducing sever harmful health problems on human. This study aimed to evaluate the residues of three of the most commonly used antibiotics in poultry farms and effect of heat treatment on these residues. A total of 300 chicken meats, giblets and chicken meat products were examined using a microbiological method. The positive samples were subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for determination of oxytetracycline, gentamicin and tilmicosin residues. The antibiotics were validated according to the guidelines laid down by the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. The incidence of antibiotic residues by microbiological method were 22%, 32%, 54%, 24% and 6% in breast, thigh, liver, gizzard, and luncheon, respectively. The presence of oxytetracycline, gentamicin and tilmicosin residues above the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in 24, 5 and 14 samples, respectively. Although calculated estimated daily intakes (EDIs) for antibiotics presented showed lower exposure levels than the fixed values of acceptable daily intakes (ADIs), the presence of these residues even in lower ADIs on long run predisposes consumers to drug resistance and allergic reactions. Cooking methods reduce antibiotic residues in experimentally administered chicken meat with varying percentages from 35.17 to 74.27%.

著者

Bashir Nabil H H

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.Supplement, pp.S1-S11, 2013-02

被引用文献数

4

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Plastics are a subspecies of a class of materials known as polymers. These are composed of large molecules, formed by joining many, often thousands, of smaller molecules (monomers) together. Plastics are made from low-molecular-weight monomer precursors, organic materials, which are mostly derived from petroleum, that are joined together by a process called “polymerization.” Plastics owe their name to their most important property, the ability to be shaped to almost any form to produce articles of practical value. Plastics can be stiff and hard or flexible and soft. Because of their light weight, low cost, and desirable properties, their use has rapidly increased and they have replaced other materials, e.g. metals and glass. Plastics are used in millions of items, including cars, bulletproof vests, toys, hospital equipment, and food containers. More than a 40 billion kg of plastic were produced in 2000. Their increased use has resulted in concern with (1) the consumption of natural resources such as oil, (2) the toxicity associated with their manufacture and use, and (3) the environmental impact arising from discarded plastics.

著者

Opsomer Geert

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.S1-S14, 2015-02

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The onset of lactation in modern dairy cows is characterized by a negative energy balance, due to a drastic increase in energy requirements for milk yield and a simultaneous depression in dry matter intake around parturition. Prioritization of milk yield over maternal body functions is a universal biological strategy in all lactating mammals to buffer the newborn’s nutrition from fluctuations in the dam’s energetic status. Consequently, in case of an energy deficiency, the dam will mobilize fat and protein reserves in order to safeguard milk yield. During decades of one-sided selection for milk yield, man has exploited the cow’s potential to prioritize mammary energy supply without an equivalent progress in dry matter intake capacity. Consequently, genetic selection for milk yield has widened the gap between energy expenditure and energy intake, and has increased the cow’s inclination to respond to energy deficiencies in the transition period by aggressive body tissue breakdown. Chronically elevated concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and ketone bodies have been demonstrated to affect multiple organ systems including the immune system, the reproductive axis and the liver and are, in contrast to absolute milk yield, closely and consistently related to the final incidence of reproductive disorders.

著者

Teramura Yasufumi Terao Akira Okada Yuko Tomida Junichi Okamatsu-Ogura Yuko Kimura Kazuhiro

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, pp.117-127, 2014-08

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The effects of three stressors of different categories, namely cold exposure, immobilization, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, on sympathetic nerve activity were examined by assessing its biochemical index norepinephrine (NE) turnover in peripheral organs of C57BL/6 mice. NE turnover was assessed by measuring the decrease in the organ NE concentration 3 h after inhibition of catecholamine biosynthesis with α-methyl-p-tyrosine. NE turnover in brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the room temperature (23°C) control group was as high as that in the cold exposure (4°C) group. Similarly, the mRNA level of the thermogenic marker uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the room temperature control group was as high as that in the cold exposure group. As sympathetic stimulation upregulates the UCP1 mRNA level, we thought that sympathetic nerve tonus in BAT was already accelerated at room temperature. To exclude factors affecting basal sympathetic nerve activity, mice housed at thermoneutral temperature (30°C) were used as controls for the subsequent experiments. In this condition, cold exposure accelerated NE turnover in the BAT, as well as heart and pancreas. The corticosterone level showed a higher trend in the cold exposure group in comparison to the control group. Immobilization accelerated NE turnover in the spleen, pancreas, and white adipose tissue and elevated the corticosterone level. LPS (3 mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect NE turnover in all peripheral organs but elevated the corticosterone level. In summary, the sympathetic nervous and adrenocortical responses to three stressors differed greatly. In particular, sympathetic responses showed clear organ-specific acceleration patterns. This important feature may improve our understanding of the multiplicity of biological responses.

著者

Kajihara Masahiro Matsuno Keita Simulundu Edgar Muramatsu Mieko Noyori Osamu Manzoor Rashid Nakayama Eri Igarashi Manabu Tomabechi Daisuke Yoshida Reiko Okamatsu Masatoshi Sakoda Yoshihiro Ito Kimihito Kida Hiroshi Takada Ayato

出版者

Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Vetrinary Research (ISSN:00471917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.89-100, 2011-08