著者

芦田 裕介

出版者

JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR RURAL STUDIES

雑誌

村落社会研究ジャーナル (ISSN:18824560)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.13-24, 2011

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Japanese rural society has rapidly changed in many aspects since World War Ⅱ. Technological change of agriculture is one of the main factors in this social change.<br> In Japan, agricultural machinery manufacturers have had a significant impact on mechanization in rice cropping. Agricultural machinery salesmen promote the diffusion of agricultural machinery and they are focused on in this study. Intentions and behaviors of salesmen in their sales activities are described and analyzed from the perspective of "promoters of the diffusion of agricultural mechanization technology", "manufacturer employee", and "farmers in the local society". Fieldwork and interviews with farmers and agricultural machinery salesmen about the diffusion process of agricultural machinery took place in Tsuyama city, Okayama Prefecture.<br> Salesmen provided farmers with a huge variety of skills and knowledge about agricultural machinery and crop cultivation in the diffusion process of agricultural machinery. They promoted and supported changing the processes of rice cropping, especially rice transplanting.<br> Agricultural machinery manufacturers sell agricultural machinery and go after profits. Salesmen desperately work for a living under the manufacturer's sales strategies. Sales of agricultural machinery are inextricably linked to technical guidance of agriculture, frequent repair and maintenance. Salesmen make use of their experience as farmers in sales activities. Consequently, with effectiveness of communication in rural society, "logic of capital" serves as great incentive for salesmen and their activities promote the diffusion of agricultural mechanization technology. Salesmen's activities complement the public agricultural extension service.

著者

大前 悠

出版者

JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR RURAL STUDIES

雑誌

村落社会研究ジャーナル (ISSN:18824560)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.37-48, 2013

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of urban to rural migration in South Korea and discuss the perspectives on studies of rural migration.<br> In Korea, after economic crisis in 1997, many urban residents, especially young workers moved rural areas.This phenomenon was called"kwinong", meaning return to nature.<br> The kwinong movement has experienced another increase since 2005, mainly occupied by people over the age of 40, including retirees and those taking early retirement.<br> Previous studies that discussed rural migration in developed countries focused on the rurality of inmigrants because their behavior in rural life is supposed to depend on their rurality. So rural migration has been explained under the context of Post-Productivism, that consumptive gaze at rural space prompts urban residents to move to rural area.<br> Analyzing 33 individual cases, people over the age of 50, rural migration is motivated by a search for well-being life that resembles that depicted in the literature.<br> But for those in their 40's, their motivations deeply reflect an excessive competitive society that rapidly formed after the economic crisis in 1997. The labor system force many employees to retire from their companies while in their 40's and continue to work overtime, while their children are suffered from more competitive educational environment.<br> The urban to rural migration in recent Korea may be best described as resulting from a direct urban push factor than a rural pull factor.<br> Simply analyzing this case from a Post-Productivist perspect would omit the impact that changes in social conditions under rapid Neo-liberal policy implementation have upon rural migration.<br> To better understand rural migration, it is important to properly examine the socio-economic conditions generating rural migration.