- 著者
- Takeshi HARADA Seiji IIDA Yoshiki INADA Susumu TANAKA Yoshinosuke HAMADA Mikihiko KOGO
- 出版者
- Nano Biomedical Society
- 雑誌
- Nano Biomedicine (ISSN:18835198)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, no.2, pp.53-60, 2020 (Released:2021-02-22)
- 参考文献数
- 26
BackgroundOral dyskinesia is a condition in which oral organs exhibit involuntary movements. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of oral sensation to the control of oral dyskinesia using an animal model that exhibits vacuous tongue movements after systemic administration of dopamine (DA) agonists.MethodsAdult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in all experiments. Tongue movement was elicited in a freely moving rat model by systemic administration of a mixture of the D1 receptor agonist SKF38393 and the D2 receptor agonist quinpirole. The number of tongue protrusions was calculated from electrical myographic data obtained from the genioglossal muscle. Extracellular concentrations of DA and serotonin (5-HT) in the nucleus accumbens were determined using in vivo microdialysis. To investigate the effects of oral sensation on vacuous tongue movement, deafferentation of the palatal mucosa was performed, and the above experiments were repeated.ResultsThe hyperactivity of tongue protrusion induced by administration of SKF38393 and quinpirole was significantly inhibited by palatal deafferentation. Palatal deafferentation also significantly reduced the increase in extracellular 5-HT concentration in the nucleus accumbens produced by administration of DA agonists.ConclusionsThese results support the important contribution of oral sensation to vacuous tongue protrusion in a rat model of oral dyskinesia.
- 著者
- Yoshihisa KOJIMA Yoshinosuke HAMADA Naomasa KAWAGUCHI Seiji MORI Kiyoshi DAITO Ayako UCHINAKA Naoya HAYAKAWA Kenji ARITA Yoshitaka NAGASE Nariaki MATSUURA
- 出版者
- Nano Biomedical Society
- 雑誌
- Nano Biomedicine (ISSN:18835198)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.6, no.1, pp.12-20, 2014 (Released:2014-08-24)
- 参考文献数
- 35
We examined the neurological and pathological effects of moxibustion on body temperature in the rat by using in vivo physiological and pathological approaches. To mimic direct and indirect moxibustion, the forelimb skin of rats was stimulated by heat at 80 or 40°C. Heat at 40°C evoked rapid increases in rectal temperature and heart rate. Surgical and chemical sympathectomy antagonized these effects. In contrast, heat at 80°C evoked slow increases in rectal temperature and heart rate, as well as in blood tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. Although the concentrations of these pyrogens increased significantly, surgical and chemical sympathectomy antagonized these effects. Collectively these data demonstrate that moxibustion may increase body core temperature mainly through sympathetic nerve stimulation, and that low-temperature stimulation is more effective than high-temperature treatment. Therefore, indirect moxibustion or moxibustion at low temperature is safer than direct moxibustion.
- 著者
- Koichi IMAI
- 出版者
- Nano Biomedical Society
- 雑誌
- Nano Biomedicine (ISSN:18835198)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.10, no.1, pp.26-30, 2018 (Released:2018-08-23)
- 参考文献数
- 46
When a gold leaf or gold foil is ingested, it is considered to be excreted through the digestive organ without reaction with digestive juices, such as gastric acid. Since the standard thickness of gold leaves is about 0.1 μm, when a small gold leaf stays in the human digestive tract for a prolonged period without being gradually dissolved, the possibility of chronic inflammatory and carcinogenesis in the digestive tract through a mechanism similar to asbestos-induced carcinogenesis cannot be ruled out. Edible gold leaf has no nutritional usefulness for humans other than a luxury appearance and it has a high risk of safety; however, development of safe edible gold leaf of gold foil as an alloy completely dissolved in the digestive tract is necessary.