著者

Sabir T. NURTAZI Margulan K. IKLASOV Kaoru IMAMURA

出版者

The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies

雑誌

沙漠研究 (ISSN:09176985)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.199-203, 2017 (Released:2017-05-04)

参考文献数

13

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For thousands of years, the camels were the main working pack animals in the nomadic pastoralist economy of Kazakh ancestors. Later in the 19-20th centuries, with the expansion of the network of dirt roads, camels were successfully used as draft animals, which caused spread of these animals beyond their natural habitat to the southern provinces of Russia.The number of camels in Kazakhstan in 1927, in the Soviet period, has reached its maximum 1.69 million. With the development of mechanized transport, the value of camels as draft animals fell, at the same time the demand for camel specific products, such as milk, meat, wool, leather, was limited. Great damage to agriculture was caused by ill-conceived socio-economic reforms in the 1930s, which led to catastrophic camel population decline. Later, the number of camels slightly increased and stabilized, the level of selection and breeding work and the proportion of purebred animals have increased. Ever since Kazakhstan gained independence the total number of camels has been increasing gradually in the area of their natural habitat, which is associated with high profitability of camel breeding in deserts and semi-deserts of the south-western regions of Kazakhstan. Productive camel breeding allows involving these lands and its people in economically profitable production. Improvement of breed and productive qualities of camel is very important in the country.

著者

Renato Sala

出版者

The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies

雑誌

沙漠研究 (ISSN:09176985)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.205-211, 2017 (Released:2017-05-04)

参考文献数

31

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The domestication of camels happened at the start of the III millennium BC in their natural habitats, for the dromedary in SE-Arabia, for the Bactrian camel in SW-Central Asia. Three steps of camel domestication and use are distinguished: for harvesting its body products, as transport animal (drafted, loaded, and ridden), as military animal. With the start of the I millennium BC the introduction of new saddle types and of hybridization techniques promoted, in all the arid expanses of Afro-Eurasia, the growing superiority of the loaded camel over wheels and draft transports, and of camelry over cavalry.

著者

Aziz OMONOV Atiqotun FITRIYAH Tasuku KATO Yoshiko KAWABATA

出版者

The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies

雑誌

沙漠研究 (ISSN:09176985)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.S, pp.155-158, 2022-12-30 (Released:2022-12-30)

参考文献数

14

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Soil salinity is one of the widespread environmental threats worldwide, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. Saline soils mainly occur due to inadequate irrigation and extensive agricultural activities, which account for many soil degradation processes. Advanced technologies such as remote sensing (RS) data have become an economically efficient tool for assessing, detecting, mapping, and monitoring saline areas along with their spatial and temporal variations. This study aims to develop a spatial database to evaluate salinization using RS and GIS (geographical information system). This research employed seven soil salinity indices (SI2, SI3, SI4, NSI, VSSI, NDSI, and NDVI) calculated from Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images. Classification of salinity class was conducted using a supervised algorithm built-in ArcGIS with the government soil salinity map as the training data. The indices utilizing the combination of visible and near-infrared reflectance (NIR) bands produce higher accuracy than those using only visible ones. Among all of the used indices, VSSI showed the highest accuracy.

著者

Satoru TANAKA Simpei TAKAHASHI Rikako KIMURA Sawahiko SHIMADA

出版者

The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies

雑誌

沙漠研究 (ISSN:09176985)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.62, 2022-12-30 (Released:2022-12-30)

参考文献数

2

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In the Republic of Djibouti in east Africa, desert greening and animal feed production are needed. It is crucial to select appropriate plant species for both activities. The flora of Djibouti does not serve information on the frequency of occurrence, and the actual abundance of plant species is not clear. Therefore, it is important to get information on the abundant plant found in Djibouti. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) database has been developed in order to assess global biodiversity as a web-based resource. The database records the occurrence of organisms all over the world by integrating specimens and discovery information. By using this database, we tried to grasp the vascular plant species, frequently found in Djibouti. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data of the plant species in Djibouti especially on frequency in occurrence of vascular plants, by using the GBIF database, for understandings of the potential in greening and grazing.As a result of searching the GBIF database, the total number of vascular plants registered was found to be 6982, and the total number of plant species was 561 (GBIF.org 2021). In the literature, the number of vascular plants was 783 in Djibouti (Audru & Lebrun 1994). Thus, 71.6% of the species are registered in the GBIF database. The most frequent registered family was discovered to be Fabaceae (19.2%), followed by Poaceae (10.9%), Asteraceae (8.0%), Solanaceae (4.8%) Malvaceae (4.4%) and Euphorbiaceae (4.4%). The most frequent registered species was discovered to be Vachellia (Acacia) tortilis (3.8%), after that Solanum somalense (2.2%) and Rhigozum somalense (2.1%). Vachellia spp. accounted for 5 out of the top 10 species. It was considered that the Fabaceae can grow on infertile soil by nitrogen fixation. Poaceae and Asteraceae are most evolved taxa and they considered to have been adapted to arid lands. Rank-frequency relationship (log-log scale) were significantly on a line (P<0.001), following to the Zipf’s law.