著者
西山 美久
出版者
The Japanese Association for Russian and East European Studies
雑誌
ロシア・東欧研究 (ISSN:13486497)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2010, no.39, pp.82-92, 2010 (Released:2012-06-20)

This paper traces the changing course of the patriotic policies of Putin’s government, and shows that the ‘color revolutions’ in Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyz had a great impact on the Russian political process. Post-communist Russia has suffered from serious political and economic disturbances, comparable with smuta in tsarist Russia. In the first period of the New Russia, while Yeltsin’s government adopted a series of western-oriented policies, the opposition put forward an alternative line based on Russian nationalism. As Russian citizens displayed anti-western sentiments, however, president Yeltsin also changed course and modified policies to take national feelings into consideration. As a result, almost all political forces in Russia became proponents of Russian patriotism. Therefore, we need to examine the real contents of the patriotism held by political forces, particularly in each administration. President Putin, who followed president Yeltsin in 2000, stressed the importance of patriotism in his policies. Valerie Sperling, who analyzed patriotic policies in post-Soviet Russia, argues that Putin practiced various policies based on ‘militarized patriotism’ toward Russian youth, because his government needed to foster their loyalty to the state and their interest in joining the Russian army. Although I agree with her claim that Putin pursued patriotic policies, Sperling appears not to have grasped a turning point in policy transformation under Putin, in particular the real meaning of the ‘color revolutions’ that took place in the former Soviet Republics in 2003–2005. This paper analyzes the two programs for promoting patriotism among Russians, each of which was adopted under Putin’s government in 2001 and 2005. The difference between both programs is that the first was directed at all social and age groups, while the second mainly targeted the younger generation. Why did the latter program focus on youths? This paper examines the political impact on Putin’s administration of the ‘color revolutions’ in the CIS countries in which the younger generation played a significant role, and clarifies Putin’s efforts to prevent these revolutions from spilling over into Russia, through organizing a new youth organization named ‘Nashi,’ publishing a new edition of the guidebook for teaching Russian history, and other efforts.

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他方でプーチンは,テロルなどの非人道的行為に対して批判的見解を述べつつも,スターリンの指導の下でナチス ・ ドイツに勝利したとし,エリツィン政権下の評価に一定の修正を加えた。このようなプーチンの姿勢は,以下の彼の発言に見て取れる。 スターリンはもちろん独裁者だった。彼は個人的権力を保持するという目的に相当程度従った人物だった。問題は,彼の指導の下に国は第2次世界大戦に勝利し,そして,その勝利は彼の ...

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ロシアは愛国プログラムを青年層を対象にやってて、軍国と言うより民族(ロシア系)社会主義なんよな。多民族国家なんでロシア系としての社会的連帯な感じ。 https://t.co/ZRcZjVn2sr https://t.co/Suohiauq8B
@cristal_casa https://t.co/0QxrV3aAYA https://t.co/fv6yxuy9QC
ニュースではロシアが愛国教育に力を入れているみたいなのあったけど、以前からしてたみたい ただ、最近は青年期だけじゃなく少年期からもという変化になっているかもしれない https://t.co/RUdxFT0re0
ほらね、自民党がやってることとまったく同じよ https://t.co/WBxXfU3j3U 論文の筆者・西山美久氏が指摘しているのは ・教科書記述への国家関与が顕著になった ・祖国に尊厳を抱く教育の必要性を説いた ・愛国心を育むためにメディアの活用を重視した etc. #憲法改正に反対します https://t.co/oPf4pUutsP https://t.co/QNZXpSFk5J

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