著者

池田 昭

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.3, pp.2-17, 1970-01-30

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M. Weber's wiew of Japanese religion is one of the vague problems to grasp because of his few description about it. But fortunately his comparative study of sociology of religion gives us an aid to that. He tried to clear up the cause of "innerweltliche Askese" in Protestantism through the typological method in it. Therefore I think that the knowledge of the frames of reference in his methodology would make possible for us to approach the Japanese religion about which he made only a few descriptions. <BR>He set up three frames in order to understand "innerweltliche Askese" in Protestantism. The first frame is the idea of God, of relief, and of the future life, and the second is the idea of creature, and the third is the idea of way of relief. And he set up various conceptual schemes according to these three frames and characterized the Oriental and the Occidental religions in comparison with Protestantism. He included "Heilandsreligiosiatät" "Sakramentsgnade", "Glaubensreligiositat", "Pradestinationsgnade", "Ritualismus" and "soziale Leistung" in them. Needless to say, he characterized the "innerweltliche Askese" in Protestantism with "Pradestinationsgnade" and a kind of "soziale, Leistung". On the other hand he characterized the Asian religion with the other kinds of conceptual schemes. <BR>As for the Japanese religion he understood it in the same way as he did Asian religion. He characterized it with "Heilandsreligiositat", "Sakramentsgnade", "Glaubensreligiositat", "Ritualismus" and "soziale Leistung". Though he found out great similarity between the Shinshu sect and Protestantism, he approach to it only with the conceptual schemes of "Heilandsreligiositat", "Glaubensreligiositat" and "Gebetsreligiositat". <BR>Speaking about Japanese religion characterized by these conceptual schemes on the level of value theory, it seems to me that it has a value of "Shijyo" and of "Bundan" in my term in accordance with the "wertrational" and the "zweckrational" value in Protestantism. A value of "Shijyo" is the value found in religious action with which they believe in God or Hotoke for itself on the level of emotion. A value of "Bundan" is the value found in religious action with which their daily lives are systematized relatively from the view of the principle of religious ideal. <BR>These concepts that I mentioned above is shown further in my humble work under the title of "Introduction to the study of Japanese mentality". Please refer to it.