著者

久世 律子

出版者

社会・経済システム学会

雑誌

社会・経済システム (ISSN:09135472)

巻号頁・発行日

no.26, pp.163-176, 2005-11-12

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the welfare state handles the risks by using the frame of "Observation" and of "Decision maker/Affected" of Luhmann through the comparison with the insurance company. The welfare state is discussed that the influence of the insurance technology was strong at the beginnings. And the same time, there are the discussions about the limit of the risk - approach with the insurance technology in the industrial society and the welfare state because of present "New risk." In an insurance risk approach of the welfare state and the insurance company, there are the following common features. They prepare large amount of money collected from the wide range for the case, which the citizens of the state or the insured persons will fall into the specific accident in the future. However, there are some points of difference between the welfare state and insurance company in how to use the insurance technology. When we look at those points that who is observing the risk and who is the decision maker or the affected of the risk, it become apparent that the welfare state has compelling power, and, has a change possibility of the decision making based on this power. The insurance company or the insured persons has no outstanding ability like this because of the symmetric relationship between them. In addition, the principle of the charge and the distribution in the welfare state is not an economic rationality but "need" of insurance. When the welfare state uses the collected money for the risks, it is not only one-to-one correspondence of a specific resource with a specific risk. The welfare state put individual premiums and/or general tax in various related risks. The predictability by an insurance calculation declines in the situation of a modern risk. The welfare state can change the decision making to fit this situation, however, it is necessary to seek the approval by citizens in each time. The load of the explanation about changing increases and it is not necessarily to be approved. In addition, because it is possible to change it, the decision makings have possibility of being distrusted by the citizens. And we will have to think about not only problems of the risk handling in the welfare state but also advantages of the compelling power and of the possibility of decision changing et al.