著者

板東 充彦

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13453904)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.107-118, 2005

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Support for the socially withdrawn requires not only strong commitment from family, but also the discovery of a support method that the individual can make use of. It is also considered important for such individuals to have group experience at transitional facilities before they return to society. With an easy-to-use support method in mind, this paper reviewed the literature related to the application of the group approach for support of "hikikomori" (the socially withdrawn) and attempted to further conceptualize the issue. As a result, seven group approaches, namely "group psychotherapy," "day care," "ibasho (place of belonging)," "self-help group," "hospital treatment," "overnight facilities," and "support group," were conceptualized. Characterization was performed from the three viewpoints of the supporter (specialist - non specialist,) the framework (medical - community mental health,) and the support structure (comprehensive - hard - soft - free.) In order to offer effective support that is also easy to make use of by the socially withdrawn, it was proposed that specialists work in the area of community mental health. Recovery from a state of social withdrawal was understood as a process in which a person rediscovers his/her place, and the group approach was realized as a way to determine how to offer support for such recovery.