著者

野間 晴雄

出版者

関西大学

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.A51-A60, 2009-04-01

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イギリスのプラントハンターの総元締めのJ.Banksが記した海外からの植物の移送・保存に関する指示書。マイクDフィルムからの手稿の翻刻をした。 This paper is aimed to transliterate the English manuscript " Rules for Collecting and Preserving Specimens of Plants" (1796) written by Joseph Banks (1743‒1820), who is a renown English plant collector, and then became an infl uential patron for plant hunters, explorers or natural historians in the late 18th century to the early 19th century. Since the original document is preserved in the British Library, the author used the microfi lm copy possessed in Kansai University library. The background of this written document is how to transport live plants collected in Asia, Africa and New Continents for plant hunters to Western Europe with moderate and cool climate. The end of 18th century is the last phase of scientifi c navigation era for European countries. British Empire sent James Cook to the Pacific Ocean navigation in order to astronomical survey and make correct maps in 1768‒1771. J. Banks took the same ship and collected many rare plants. After he came back to Britain, he, as the president of the Royal Society of London for the Promotion of Natural Knowledge, started to support fi nancially to collect rare or economically useful plants in the world by plant hunters. At the same time, he instructed plant hunters or botanists to send rare plants, seeds, and herbarium to Kew Garden in the suburbs of London. Thus, the Kew Garden has become the world center of plants. Since the transport live plants to Britain by ship safely is a very diffi cult work at that time, so Banks instructed minutely in the document such as the protection them from sea water, uncertain temperature and humidity.