著者

植村 善博

出版者

佛教大学歴史学部

雑誌

歴史学部論集 (ISSN:21854203)

巻号頁・発行日

no.4, pp.1-18, 2014-03

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The Kitatajima earthquake (M=6.8) hit at 11:10 a.m. May 23, 1925, and caused vast devastation of Toyookacho and Kinosakicho located on alluvial plain of River Maruyama,Northern Hyogo Prefecture.This happened in about one year and nine months after 1925 Kanto and before 1927 Kitatango earthquakes. This paper is aimed at discussing the cause of seismic damage and reconstruction process of Toyookacho from view point of comparison with 1925 and 1927 earthquakes. Conclusions are summarized as the followings: 1)Judged from degree and distribution of damaged houses, seismic intensity of the town was 6 degree, but Nagai located on newly reclaimed land and Odai located on abandonned channel were experienced up to 6high degree by more severe shaking resulted from soft ground. 2)Prefectural authorities quickly coped with rescue and temporal recovery,and claimed local governments to widen main roads and to perform land readjustment based on the lesson learned from Kanto earthquake. 3)Toyookacho tried to perform town planning of urban area by way of cultivated land reajustment,but was failed in it by strong opposition of landowners and temples. As a result, there had been left broad area with irregular and narrow roads 4)Reconstruction of Toyookacho is characterized by some remarkable achievements as follows. (1) As a street in front of station,Daikai Street (old Nagai douri)was widened 14.4m width with sidewalk and roadside tree both sides. (2)The civic center where city hall,post office,police station,tax office and firehouse were newly rebuilt,was completed as the only one example of reconstruction in Japan.(3)New anti-fire concrete buildings were encouraged, and there are many concrete buildings with unique design that are evaluated as cultural asset located along Daikai and Motomachi Streets.5)In Kitatango earthquake, Mineyamacho firstly decided widenning the roads in urban area instead of abandonment land readjustment. But, Aminoku of Aminocho was perfectly achieved land readjustment of residence area by way of cultivated land adjustment. These should be reflected the lesson learned from reconstruction process of Toyookacho in Kitatajima earthquake.seismic damagereconstruction processToyookacho1925 Kitatajima earthquake