- 著者
-
新井 元
- 出版者
- 国際基督教大学
- 雑誌
- 国際基督教大学学報. I-A 教育研究 = Educational Studies (ISSN:04523318)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.54, pp.77-89, 2012-03-31
2006 年,岐阜市議会において,市長が市立岐阜商業高等学校を学校法人立命館に移管する計画を公表した。この突然とも言える提案は政党各派の分裂を生み,同市議会の内外で数年にわたる混乱をもたらした。2007 年,市教育委員会が正式に市岐阜商高廃止の方針を打ち出したが,翌2008 年に議会は立命館誘致を否決。その直後,市長は民意を問うとして辞職し,2009 年の出直し選挙で再選されたものの,市議会は22 対21 で再び立命館誘致を否決した。教育改革として語られるべきテーマが政争の具と化したなか,市教委の同校廃止方針は市長の意向を受けたものとする批判がなされる。1956 年以降,日本の教育委員は自治体の首長によって任命されており,教委の独立性の実現は難しい。こうした1956 年体制下で,体制側に対峙する教委を見る事は難しいだろう。1970 年代以来,高校全入時代を迎えた日本では,ほとんどの人々が高校に進学するようになったが,その一方で,少子化や産業構造の変化に伴い,高校の意味するものも変わって来た。岐阜市のケースは,決して一地方の問題なのではなく,日本全体が今抱えている教育改革の構造的な難しさを意味している。In 2006, the mayor of Gifu city in the Chubu region of Japan introduced a plan in the City Assembly to transfer the jurisdiction of Municipal Gifu Commercial High School to a private school corporation: Ritsumeikan. This rather abrupt proposal caused consternation within and beyond the city assembly lasting years. There ensued internal strife among political groups in the municipal assembly. In 2007, the city Board of Education decided on the policy of closing the municipal high school. However, a plan to attract Ritsumeikan was voted down by the municipal assembly, in 2008. The mayor resigned to consult the electorate and the will of residents. Though the mayor was returned the next year, the Ritsumeikan plan was rejected again, 22 to 21 by the municipal assembly. The issue of local educational reform was embroiled in political strife and the Board of Education's school closure policy was thought to be merely an endorsement of the mayor's policy. Since 1956, as members of the Board of Education in Japan are appointed by the heads of local government the independence of the boards has been always been in imminent crisis and it is difficult to see a board of education defying a city hall under the 1956 system. Since the 1970s, almost all children in Japan enter upper secondary school. However, due to the dwindling birth rate and change of industrial structure etc., the meaning of high school has changed. The Gifu city case is a local but also urgent matter with wider implications in Japan relating to the structural difficulty of educational reform.