著者

野口 理恵

出版者

奈良女子大学大学院人間文化研究科

雑誌

人間文化研究科年報 (ISSN:09132201)

巻号頁・発行日

no.31, pp.39-49, 2015

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This paper studies the policy of secularization in the French Third Republic from theperspective of hospitals, focusing on the Augustines, who had their headquarters in the Hotel-Dieu à Paris. By analyzing events from 1888 to 1907, the author demonstrates that the Frenchgovernment gave certain consideration to the Augustines during that time period.In 1888, a bylaw issued by a prefectural governor of Seine ordered the Augustines toleave Hôspital Saint-Louis. The Augustines lodged a complaint over this prefectural bylaw withthe Conseil d'État, contending that it exceeded the head of state's authority, because theAugustines had been authorized by an imperial decree in 1810. As a result, the Conseil d'Étatapproved the Augustines' request and suspended the prefectural bylaw; five years later, it wasannulled.The problem of hospital secularization and its implications for the Augustines wasrevived in 1905, when France passed its law on the Separation of Churches and State. In 1907,a presidential decree ordered the Augustines to leave the Hotel-Dieu à Paris. However, thedecree also granted the Augustines permission to move their headquarters to a Catholic privatehospital. Additionally, the government agreed to establish a new hospital under the control ofthe Assistance publique à Paris.Based on this analysis, the author concludes that the policy of secularization in theFrench Third Republic proceeded with greater leniency in the domain of public welfare than inthe educational field.