著者

鈴木 美子 Yoshiko SUZUKI

出版者

日本赤十字秋田看護大学・日本赤十字秋田短期大学教育研究開発委員会

雑誌

日本赤十字秋田看護大学・日本赤十字秋田短期大学紀要 = Journal of Japanese Red Cross Akita College of Nursing and Japanese Red Cross Junior College of Akita (ISSN:24360384)

巻号頁・発行日

no.25, pp.1-11, 2021-03-31

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要旨目的:男性間性交渉者(以下MSM)のHIV抗体検査の受検行動に影響する要因と関連性を明らかにする。方法:多様なセクシャリティのスタッフが営むスナックと性と人権に関するNPO法人へ20歳以上のMSMの紹介を依頼した。5名にHIV感染症/エイズのとらえ方、HIV抗体検査を受ける動機と受けなかった理由について半構造化面接を実施し、質的記述的に分析した。結果:対象者の平均年齢は33.8歳で3名はHIV陽性であった。「HIV感染症/エイズに対する認識」では【感染の恐怖を凌ぐ性欲】【生涯逃れたいHIV感染症/エイズ】【感染する覚悟があるHIV感染症/エイズ】が抽出された。「受検行動に影響する促進要因」では【感染に対する危機意識】【HIV陰性証明の獲得】【ゲイ仲間からの勧奨】、一方「受検行動に影響する阻害要因」では【感染しないという謎の安心感】【HIV陽性判明への恐怖心】【HIV陽性判明による自由にSEXができない不利益】【早期のHIV陽性判明による経済的不利益】【治らないものはあえて受けない】【HIV抗体検査への無関心】【ゲイ告知の困難さ】【検査時のプライバシーへの無配慮】が抽出された。カテゴリの関連性から「リスク自覚時受検行動」「受検離脱行動」「受検回避行動」「受検拒否行動」の4つの受検行動が導き出された。考察:MSMにとってHIV陽性判明は自由な性交渉権利を失う【HIV陽性判明による自由にSEXができない不利益】、身体障害者非該当となった早期HIV陽性者は高額な治療費を強いられてまでは治療を望まない【早期HIV陽性判明は経済的不利益】ととらえていた。Objective: The study was conducted to reveal the factors and related matters affecting the behavior of men who have sex with men (MSM) for HIV antibody tests.Methods: Five people over 20 years of age were introduced by LGBT staff workers of a local bar and a person in charge of an NPO related to sex and human rights. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with those five subjects in regard to their understanding about HIV infection/AIDS, their motivation for taking the HIV antibody test, and/or their reasons for not taking the tests. Then the results were qualitatively and descriptively analyzed.Results: The average age of the subjects was 33.8 years old and three of them were HIV positive. In terms of "awareness of HIV infection/AIDS," the categories of "Libido that surpasses the fear of infection," "desire to avoid HIV infection/AIDS for life time," and "readiness for HIV infection/AIDS" were extracted. Regarding "the facilitating factors affecting their behavior for the tests," the categories of "awareness that may become infected," "hope HIV results are negative," and "recommendation by gay friends" were extracted. When it comes to "the inhibiting factors for the tests," the categories of "false belief that I don't get infected," "fear of HIV results being positive," "disadvantages of being unable to have sex freely if test positive for HIV," "economic disadvantage in early stages of HIV positive diagnosis," "negative feeling towards the tests for an uncurable disease," "indifference for HIV testing." "difficulties in coming out as gay," "lack of considerations for privacy during test" were extracted. In addition, the following four related matters in behaviors toward the test were derived: "the behavior with self-awareness for the risk of in taking test," "withdrawal behavior after taking the test," "avoiding the test," and "rejecting the test."Discussion: The results shows that MSM are aware that their right to have sexual intercourse freely is lost after receiving an HIV positive result as shown by the category of "disadvantages of being unable to have sex freely if test positive for HIV." Also, MSM reluctant to receive medical treatment for HIV infection if fees for required treatment are expensive as shown by the category of "economic disadvantage in early stages of HIV positive diagnosis."