著者

五島 忠久

出版者

Japan Association for African Studies

雑誌

アフリカ研究 (ISSN:00654140)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1967, no.5, pp.19-26, 1967

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The formula of the syllabic structure of the English words is (C³)(C²)(C¹)V(C₁)(C₂)(C₃)(C₄). Examples may be given:<br>C³C²C¹VC₁: strong/stro_??_/<br>C¹V: see/si_??_/<br>C¹VC₁C₂C₃: length/le_??_kθ/<br>VC₁C₂C₃C₄: absence/æbsns/.<br>Swahili has the following formula: (C³) (C²) (C¹) V.<br>V: ona /<i>o</i>-na/'to see'<br>C¹V: ja/ja/'to come'<br>C²C¹V: anza/a-<i>nza</i>/'to begin'<br>C³C²C¹V: hamstashara/ha-<i>msta</i>-ša-ra/'fifteen'<br>Thus, syllables in Swahili regularly end in vowels. Many loan-words taken from English, therefore, have adapted their syllabic structure to that of Swahili, changing their one-syllable type into two- or three-syllable one.<br>C¹V-C¹V (<E. C¹VC¹): basi/ba-si/ (<E. bus/bas/)<br>C¹V-C²C¹V (<E. C¹VC₁C₂): banki/ba-nki/ (<E. bank/bæ_??_k/)<br>C²C¹V-C¹V (<E. C²C¹VC₁): brashi/bra-ši/ (<E. brush/braš/)<br>C²C¹V-C²C¹V (<E. C²C¹VC₁C₂): stampa/sta-mpa/ (<E. stamp/stæmp/)<br>C¹V-C²C¹V-C¹V (<E. C¹VC₁C₂C₃): sampuli/sa-mpu-li/ (<E. sample/sæmpl/)<br>C¹V-C¹V-C¹V (<E. C¹VC₁C₂): dazani/da-za-ni/ (<E. dozen/dazn/)<br>Some words have the same syllabic structure as the original ones.<br>V-C¹V (<E. V-C¹V): eka/e-ka/ (<E. acre/ei-k_??_/)<br>C¹V-C¹V (<E. C¹V-C¹V): gita/gi-ta/ (<E. guitar/gi-ta_??_/)