4 0 0 0 スワヒリ語に入った英語々彙の音節構造
- 著者
- 五島 忠久
- 出版者
- Japan Association for African Studies
- 雑誌
- アフリカ研究 (ISSN:00654140)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.1967, no.5, pp.19-26, 1967
The formula of the syllabic structure of the English words is (C<sup>3</sup>)(C<sup>2</sup>)(C<sup>1</sup>)V(C<sub>1</sub>)(C<sub>2</sub>)(C<sub>3</sub>)(C<sub>4</sub>). Examples may be given:<br>C<sup>3</sup>C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>VC<sub>1</sub>: strong/stro_??_/<br>C<sup>1</sup>V: see/si_??_/<br>C<sup>1</sup>VC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>: length/le_??_kθ/<br>VC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>C<sub>4</sub>: absence/æbsns/.<br>Swahili has the following formula: (C<sup>3</sup>) (C<sup>2</sup>) (C<sup>1</sup>) V.<br>V: ona /<i>o</i>-na/'to see'<br>C<sup>1</sup>V: ja/ja/'to come'<br>C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>V: anza/a-<i>nza</i>/'to begin'<br>C<sup>3</sup>C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>V: hamstashara/ha-<i>msta</i>-ša-ra/'fifteen'<br>Thus, syllables in Swahili regularly end in vowels. Many loan-words taken from English, therefore, have adapted their syllabic structure to that of Swahili, changing their one-syllable type into two- or three-syllable one.<br>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. C<sup>1</sup>VC<sup>1</sup>): basi/ba-si/ (<E. bus/bas/)<br>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. C<sup>1</sup>VC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>): banki/ba-nki/ (<E. bank/bæ_??_k/)<br>C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>VC<sub>1</sub>): brashi/bra-ši/ (<E. brush/braš/)<br>C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>VC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>): stampa/sta-mpa/ (<E. stamp/stæmp/)<br>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>2</sup>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. C<sup>1</sup>VC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>): sampuli/sa-mpu-li/ (<E. sample/sæmpl/)<br>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. C<sup>1</sup>VC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>): dazani/da-za-ni/ (<E. dozen/dazn/)<br>Some words have the same syllabic structure as the original ones.<br>V-C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. V-C<sup>1</sup>V): eka/e-ka/ (<E. acre/ei-k_??_/)<br>C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>1</sup>V (<E. C<sup>1</sup>V-C<sup>1</sup>V): gita/gi-ta/ (<E. guitar/gi-ta_??_/)
2 0 0 0 英語科教育基礎と臨床
1 0 0 0 OA スワヒリ語辞書の発達
- 著者
- 五島 忠久
- 出版者
- Japan Association for African Studies
- 雑誌
- アフリカ研究 (ISSN:00654140)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.1968, no.7, pp.77-92, 1968-10-10 (Released:2010-04-30)
The development of Swahili lexicography can be observed by comparing three important dictionaries: Krapf's Dictionary of the Swahili Language (1882), Madan's Swahili-English Dictionary (1903) and Johnson's Standard Swahili-English Dictionary (1939). The first notable Swahili dictionary was J. L. Krapf's, containing more entries than any other. Krapf, however, was not a superior lexicographer to Madan or Johnson in spelling, framing definitions, and selecting quotations. Madan's dictionary contains many words not included in Krapf's and definitions are revised where necessary, although Madan does show Krapf's influence. The third progressive step was made by Johnson who firmly established the connection between derivatives and their verbs, causing the expression of a wider meaning in many cases.