著者

与曽井 章平 橋爪 貞雄 谷口 茂

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.103-119,192, 1956-10-20 (Released:2009-11-11)

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This study, focussing on the problem of the stratification, intends to clarify the structural characteristics of a confectionary quarter.1. The object of this study is the confectionary quarter at West district in Nagoya City, where ultra-small confectionaries aggregate densely around the whole sale shops. The origin of this quarter is old, but the change and mobility of shops have been so high, that there ramains few old established shops.2. The problem of the stratification is the difficulty to deduce the indices of stratification from the concrete laws concerning the socio-economic conditions of those complicated and fluid small and middle businesses. So, we attempted to synthesize the stratum factor which the inhabitants conscious of, and to induce the stratum each confectionary belongs.3. The proprietors of confectionaries were well aware of the existence of strata, and as the main stratum factor they mentioned capital, property, income, number of employees, years of experiences as confectionary, and the area of business connection. But their conception of the strata attaches too much importance to the economic factor and underestimate the social conditions.4. We examined the correlation of those factors by the results of a sample survey, and pointed out one central factor common to producer as well as whole-saler, that is, the number of empoyees.5. In order to clarify the strata distinguished by the number of employees, it became necessary to find out the stratum distinction line. So, we made the prorietors of the confectionaries judge the stratum demarcation line, upper, middle and lower, by the number of employees.6. Logically, the strata thus distingnished by main factor of the number of employees represent approximately the reality of the strata in the inhabitants' subjective evaluation. So, whether the strata distinguished by the number of employees coincide with the strata distinguished by other factors, we attempted to verify statistically by the data of the sample survey and by the comparative rating method. Thus we proved the representativeness of the factar of number of employees.Then, we studied the structural characteristics of the strata of the confectionaries distinguished by the indices of the number of employees, focussing on their ultra-smallness, fluidity on the whole and about each case.8. Finally, as the starting point for the further research, we mentioned the theoretical remarks on the problem of the stratification and the relation of stratified position and social status.

著者

富田 嘉郎 与曽井 章平

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.45-57,116, 1955-03-15 (Released:2010-02-19)

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1. Purpose. The purpose of this survey was to investigate, by adopting the following method, what is the relation of the grievances concerning human relation, in their frequency and intensity, to the whole grievances in a worker's life of two large factories.2. Interviewees. Out of the whole employees 2197 of M factory, and 2924 of N factory, 297 and 430 workers respectively were selected, excluding the officials of the higher positions, which contain a subsection, chief (kakari-cho). The selection was made according, and in proportion, to the working-status, and the age and sex groups.3. Method. Neither the directive method of recording worker's grievances upon questionaires, nor the non-directive method in the sense of taking notes of the grievances given quite spontaneously by them, was adopted. We classified the grievances which may be expected from the workers into the following 10 major items ; job, working conditions. working hours, wages, human relations, training, welfare facilities, recreation, transportation, management policy and labour union. These items were recorded separately on so many cords, with subdivided items belonging to each of them, and the cards were presented to the interviewees. This method helped them in finding a clue to the statement of their grievances, and also helped us in coding the results and in acpuiring the basis for it. Thus, we tried to grasp the frequency of the grievance belonging to each major and subdivided item, and further the intensity of the grievance belonging to each major item by counting the points the interviewees gave to it, on the condition that the total 10 points should be given to the whole consciousness of the grievances each interviewee has.4. Result. The result common to these two factories is that worker's grievance on human relations ranks high in intensity, although it ranks rather low in frequency.