著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.39-59, 1999-08-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.39-59, 1999-08-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。A famous short story be Osamu Dazai, "Hashire Meros" and a nursery tale by Miekichi Suzuki are both based on the same Greek story known as 'Damon and Pythias, 'one of the anecdotes concerning a tyrant of Syracuse, Dionysius. This paper attempts to survey the Dionysius legends contained in Suzuki's work, especially the Damon-Pythias story, and to give a new point of view to Dazai's story. Suzuki's work is a collection of seven legends about Dionysius. It is unique in containing not only famous legends. like 'Damocles' sword, 'but also minor ones. His direct source is untraceable. But these anecdotes are extracted probably from Diodorus Siculus, Cicero, and Diogenes Laertius. A lot of classical authors recount the Damon-Phintias story. There are some differences among them. Remarkable differences are : 1. which is sentenced to death, and which becomes a hostage ; 2. the reason of the punishment ; 3 . the reason for requesting the release ; 4. the period of the release ; 5. whether the two accept the king as their third friend. Considering these points. Suzuki's version seems to be from Diodorus. The Damon story in Hyginus and that in Polyaenus are rather different from the other authors, in the protagonists' name and the reason and the period of the temporary release. In addition to that, there is a quite peculiar element in Hyginus that a torrent blocks the protagonist's way back to the tyrant. Authors of posterity used the Damon story for their literary works. The most famous is Schiller's ballad, "Die Burgschaft." He wrote this ballad from Hyginus' version. He took over its peculiarities and made his work more dramatic. Later he revised the ballad, changing the title to "Damon und Pythias" and the name, 'Moros, ' in the second verse to 'Damon.' Dazai wrote his short story using a Japanese translation of "Die Burgschaft" based on the text before revision and the annotation attached to it by the translator. Basically he followed Schiller faithfully, but he added a lot of new elements. The most remarkable is that he made the protagonist a shepherd living in a village. This setting suits the 'three days' release of Hyginus and Schiller. Besides, the characterization of the protagonist as a simple and honest person, significant to the plot and theme of this work, depends on this setting.

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.47-65, 2016-09-28

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.260-278, 2010-03-28

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Engerbert Kämpfer's so-called ‘Sakoku-ron' (On Japan's closed country) is an essay arguing the validity of Japan's closed country in the 17th century. It is included in his Amoenitates Exoticae, written in Latin, which is the only book he published during his lifetime. He was preparing a larger-scale book about Japan in German, Heutiges Japan, which contained a lot of information he had collected during his stay in Japan as a doctor of the Dutch East Indian Company. Unfortunately, he did not see it published during his life and a large collection of his drafts and notes were left to his heirs. After a complicated process, two celebrated books were produced by editing the drafts of Kämpfer's unpublished work on Japan: J. C. Scheuchzer's English translation and C. W. Dohm's German edition. Both authors included translations of Kämpfer's essays on Japan from Amoenitates Exoticae, including Sakoku-ron, as an appendix to their books. After publication, these two books were subsequently so successful and widely read that little attention was paid to the Latin original. Most arguments on these texts, especially Sakoku-ron, have been usually based on the translations (especially Dohm's). The aim of my paper is to compare closely the Latin original and the translations and to reveal some remarkable differences among them. On the whole, Dohm's translation is faithful to the original, while Scheuchzer's is full of free, often arbitrary, paraphrases and supplements. Yet, even Dohm's translation, upon close comparison and examination, reveals differences from Kämpfer's original. Some of them are clearly Dohm's own simple errors and misunderstandings, but some are possibly his intentional alterations. In some cases he changed the positive expressions of the original into negative or neutral ones. Evidently he was highly critical of Kämpfer's excessive admiration of Japan, since at the end of his translation he placed long supplementary notes to show his objections to Kämpfer's several comments or arguments on Japan. It is, therefore, appropriate to conclude that Dohm's personal attitude is reflected in the negative alterations made in his translation.

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, pp.73-99, 1996-03-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

五之治 昌比呂 ゴノジ マサヒロ Gonoji Masahiro

出版者

大阪外国語大学留学生日本語教育センター

雑誌

日本語・日本文化 (ISSN:09135359)

巻号頁・発行日

no.38, pp.101-128, 2012-03

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.260-278, 2010-03-28

---

Engerbert Kämpfer's so-called 'Sakoku-ron' (On Japan's closed country) is an essay arguing the validity of Japan's closed country in the 17th century. It is included in his Amoenitates Exoticae, written in Latin, which is the only book he published during his lifetime. He was preparing a larger-scale book about Japan in German, Heutiges Japan, which contained a lot of information he had collected during his stay in Japan as a doctor of the Dutch East Indian Company. Unfortunately, he did not see it published during his life and a large collection of his drafts and notes were left to his heirs. After a complicated process, two celebrated books were produced by editing the drafts of Kämpfer's unpublished work on Japan: J. C. Scheuchzer's English translation and C. W. Dohm's German edition. Both authors included translations of Kämpfer's essays on Japan from Amoenitates Exoticae, including Sakoku-ron, as an appendix to their books. After publication, these two books were subsequently so successful and widely read that little attention was paid to the Latin original. Most arguments on these texts, especially Sakoku-ron, have been usually based on the translations (especially Dohm's). The aim of my paper is to compare closely the Latin original and the translations and to reveal some remarkable differences among them. On the whole, Dohm's translation is faithful to the original, while Scheuchzer's is full of free, often arbitrary, paraphrases and supplements. Yet, even Dohm's translation, upon close comparison and examination, reveals differences from Kämpfer's original. Some of them are clearly Dohm's own simple errors and misunderstandings, but some are possibly his intentional alterations. In some cases he changed the positive expressions of the original into negative or neutral ones. Evidently he was highly critical of Kämpfer's excessive admiration of Japan, since at the end of his translation he placed long supplementary notes to show his objections to Kämpfer's several comments or arguments on Japan. It is, therefore, appropriate to conclude that Dohm's personal attitude is reflected in the negative alterations made in his translation.