著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.39-59, 1999-08-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

巻号頁・発行日

2001-01-31

著者

竹下 哲文

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.21-46, 2016-09-28

著者

安村 典子

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.22-37, 2010-03-28

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The motherless goddess Athene is more like a man than a woman; or, as J. Harrison suggested, she is rather a sexless thing, neither man nor woman. She appears as an equal to Zeus, and shares several qualities with him, including intelligence. The most telling, and curious, correlation is their sharing of the aegis. The phrase 'aegis-bearing' (αἰγιόχος) is one of Zeus' most common epithets, and the aegis itself is made by Hephaestus for Zeus in the Iliad (15.309-10). However, in the Chrysippus fragment, Metis makes the aegis for Athene. Also, in the fragment of the Meropis, the aegis is made by Athene herself from the skin of the Giant Asteros whom she killed in the Gigantomachy. In the Iliad, Athene wears the aegis to encourage the Achaeans (2.450-2 and 5.738-42) and to fight with Ares (21. 400-414); she also casts it over Achilles' shoulder (18.203-4). Two of these passages, 5.738-42 and 21.400-414, in particular merit our attention for their connection with Zeus. In these two passages, Ares' challenge is quite easily beaten off by Athene, who is backed up by Zeus' aegis. By giving birth to Athene, Zeus acquires a counterpart who fights on his side and as his deputy, defeating his son, Ares, who might prove a challenger to his power. It is a marker of Athene's functional affinity to Zeus that, as Zeus becomes more remote from human beings, she eventually replaces him as the chief guardian of the state and people. Athene is the symbolic representation of the rule of Zeus; she is the symbol of a new kind of state, or of the cultural renewal of Zeus' world. The concept of a strong alliance between Zeus and Athena fits perfectly both with Panhellenic ideals and Greek societal and moral norms, thus ensuring the continued popularity and success of Homer and Hesiod. The sharing of the aegis between Zeus and Athene could be interpreted in this context.

著者

木曽 明子

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.1-13, 1991-12-20

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.別冊, pp.1-2, 2001-01-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

柳沼 重剛

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.別冊, pp.53-56, 2001-01-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

藤井 琢磨 高橋 宏幸

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.216-248, 2010-03-28

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In Plautus' Bacchides we have in Chrysalus a typical cunning slave whose trickery, more than anything else, moves the play forward. The protagonist, however, leaves the stage just before the final act without celebrating his triumph. Stage action is taken over by the Bacchis sisters seducing a pair of old men and inviting them into their house, as if to reflect the change of the title from Menander's Dis Exapaton. No triumph, Chrysalus says to the spectators, because it is all too common (1073). Does this allude to real-life triumphs (thus Ritschl, Barsby), or to a stage convention (Fraenkel, Slater)? This paper attempts to see in the play a metatheatrical reference to the role of servus callidus and, from this point of view, compares the tricks used by Chrysalus and the Bacchis sisters. Points of comparison: (1) money is gained and wasted; (2) deceptions are based on suggesting the opposite of what one's goal is; (3) victims are enslaved and deemed worthless; (4) use of slave 's services. (1): the names of Chrysalus and Bacchis are in a meaningful juxtaposition(240-42, 703-05; 53, 372-73): while Chrysalus is interested in swindling people out of their money (218-21, 229-33, 640-50), the Bacchis sisters focus on luring them into their house to make them incur losses (62-72, 85-86). (2): comparison of 90-91 and 94-100 (Bacchis – Pistoclerus), 988-1043 (Chrysalus – Nicobulus), and 1173-74 with 1184-85 (Bacchis – Nicobulus), shows that similar psychological tactics may be seen at work. (3): finding it difficult to resist Bacchis' charm, Pistoclerus wonders if he is worth nothing (nihili 91) and, once seduced, tells her 'tibi me emancupo' (92). The term comptionalis senex, used of Nicobulus swindled out of his money (976), evidently emphasizes his worthless state. The old men who are victimized like sheep well shorn (1122-28), as predicted by Chrysalus (241-42), have lost all their value (exsoluere quanti fuere 1135). When charmed by Bacchis minor, Philoxenus too admits that he is worthless (nihili 1157) and the same is confirmed by Nicobulus as well (1162). At the end, Nicobulus says to Bacchides 'ducite nos tamquam addictos' (1205). Note also grex explicitly stating that the old men have been worthless (nihili 1207) since their youth, and Chrysalus calling Cleomachus worthless (nihili homo 904) once the deal has been done. (4): while Chrysalus envisions selling Nicobulus as a slave once he gets his job done (814-15, 976-77), the Bacchis sisters seem to keep their slaves in service. Pistoclerus, a typical adolenscens, weak and wavering at the start, seems to change his role and begins to act as if he were a cunning slave (to a lesser degree than Chrysalus), making smart replies to Lydus (e.g. 125-29, 161-62), bragging about his success as if he assumed the persona of Pellio acting the role of Epidicus(206-15), and driving back the parasite sent from Cleomachus (573-611). Since addicti (1205) are to serve as slaves until they have repaid their debt, the old men are supposed to do some menial work in the sisters' house. Conclusion: Chrysalus, an expert in eliciting money from people, has no further business with his victims who are, in his view, worthless. So, once his mission is complete, he just exits with all the booty to the quaestor (1075). The Bacchis sisters seem to use "the worthless'' to create stage action. In the final act, the moment the old sheep are said to be not just shorn but mute (1138-39) and the sisters are about to exit, Nicobulus begins to speak (1140), much to everyone's surprise (prodigium 1141). It is as if a mute character who is supposed just to stand by (astent 1134) speaks out and thus opens up a new strand of action. The paradox noted here, creation from nothing, recalls Pseudolus 395-405 and sounds significant for the whole play; from the grex we hear that were it not for such useless old men, they would not even be able to put on this drama (1207-10).

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.47-65, 2016-09-28

著者

山下 太郎

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.別冊, pp.158-159, 2001-01-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.別冊, pp.30-42, 2001-01-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

平山 晃司

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.37-71, 1998-08-10

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

平山 晃司

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.37-71, 1998-08-10

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

山沢 孝至

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.77-98, 1990-05-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.260-278, 2010-03-28

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Engerbert Kämpfer's so-called ‘Sakoku-ron' (On Japan's closed country) is an essay arguing the validity of Japan's closed country in the 17th century. It is included in his Amoenitates Exoticae, written in Latin, which is the only book he published during his lifetime. He was preparing a larger-scale book about Japan in German, Heutiges Japan, which contained a lot of information he had collected during his stay in Japan as a doctor of the Dutch East Indian Company. Unfortunately, he did not see it published during his life and a large collection of his drafts and notes were left to his heirs. After a complicated process, two celebrated books were produced by editing the drafts of Kämpfer's unpublished work on Japan: J. C. Scheuchzer's English translation and C. W. Dohm's German edition. Both authors included translations of Kämpfer's essays on Japan from Amoenitates Exoticae, including Sakoku-ron, as an appendix to their books. After publication, these two books were subsequently so successful and widely read that little attention was paid to the Latin original. Most arguments on these texts, especially Sakoku-ron, have been usually based on the translations (especially Dohm's). The aim of my paper is to compare closely the Latin original and the translations and to reveal some remarkable differences among them. On the whole, Dohm's translation is faithful to the original, while Scheuchzer's is full of free, often arbitrary, paraphrases and supplements. Yet, even Dohm's translation, upon close comparison and examination, reveals differences from Kämpfer's original. Some of them are clearly Dohm's own simple errors and misunderstandings, but some are possibly his intentional alterations. In some cases he changed the positive expressions of the original into negative or neutral ones. Evidently he was highly critical of Kämpfer's excessive admiration of Japan, since at the end of his translation he placed long supplementary notes to show his objections to Kämpfer's several comments or arguments on Japan. It is, therefore, appropriate to conclude that Dohm's personal attitude is reflected in the negative alterations made in his translation.

著者

丹下 和彦

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.81-103, 1994-03-30

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

山下 太郎

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.118-135, 1994-03-30

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

清水 茂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.別冊, pp.49-50, 2001-01-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

著者

清水 茂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.49-50, 2001-01-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3-10, 2001-01-31

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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。