著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:04695569)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.65-77, 1963-02-28

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The aim of this treatise is to clarify the true meaning of Plato's doctrine of ideal state. Plato was not only a great philosopher, but also a political thinker and a highly ambitious person of politics. His dialogues, for instance, State, Law, Statesman, etc. clearly show this fact. Plato has an urgent desire to relieve the people of Athens of the willful and despotic government of ochlocracy. His sincere desire' is to realize idee of justice in the actual, national life. So that, I want to make clear the conception of Plato's justice, and next explain the structure of Plato's ideal state, so-called greek polis state, and then the purpose of national government. The purpose of government, in Plato's doctrine, is to educate and cultivate the people as moral and cultured persons. So the ruler, that is, the governor should be the most educatsd and trained person. He must be a philosopher. This is generally called Plato's government, of philosopher. Plato wanted to put cooperative life into practice in his ideal polis state. So that, he is said as if he were a man of communistic idea. But he was not a communistic thinker. He was far from a communist, and in fact, he was a spiritualist and a lover of idee of kalos kai agathos. He loved, most of all, good, beautiful and purified spirit. He despised material goods, physical treasures. Communists, as a rule, love material goods, above all, and are interested in physical treasures. They are quite materialists. But Plato was not a materialist. He was entirely a spiritualist. He intented to make the people transcend the material wants. For material wants prevent the people from becomming moral and cultured persons. They are great hindrance to improving and establishing the purified personalities of the people.

著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:04695569)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, 1961-03

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This treatise is aimed at the clarifying the structure of sovereign power of several states' constitutions in the world. But at present there are more than one hundred states on earth. So it is very hard to explain that of everyone of them. Widely dividing we can see three groups of states on the globe, that is, they are monarchic state group, federal state group and socialist (peoples' democratic) state group. At first, as monarchic state group, I picked up the constitutions of Norway, Sweden, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Japan. Next as federal state group, I took up The United States of America, Suitzerland, Mexico, Australia and The Union of the Sovret Socialist Republics. At last, as socialist republic group I dealt with The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, The Peoples' Democratic Republic of China, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Albania, Hungry, Poland, Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea and so on. In federal republic, generally speaking, sovereign powers are devided between the federal republic and its constituent states. That is to say, some items of its sovereign powers provided by the constitution are vested in the federal republic and the rest powers in each constituent state, and the people of each state. In monarchic states, as a rule, all sovereign powers reside with the monarchs. But as an exception, for example, in Belgium, sovereign powers reside with the people, and the King and the Diet as the highest organ of the state, jointly exercise legislative power. Especially in Japan, sovereign powers reside with the people who is soereign and the Emperor shall perform only such acts in matters of state as are provided for in the constitution and he shall not have powers related to sovereign powers (legislation, administration and judicature).In socialist republics the sovereign powers, without exception, belong to the people, (the people means proletarian people, working people, namely, workers, peasants and intelligentsias) If there are any men who are not proletaria, they are not the people in socialistic meaning and so they are not the sovereign people. So that, they are excluded from the people. But the Diet (the Supreme Soviet of the Union) is the highest organ of the Union and superior to all state organs, that is, the cabinet and the courts of justice. So the Diet directs all other state organs (even the cabinet or- the courts of justice) In this point the socialist republic has a remarkable characteristic.

著者

今井 直重

出版者

日本法政学会

雑誌

法政論叢 (ISSN:03865266)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.1-3, 1975

著者

今井 直重

出版者

日本法政学会

雑誌

法政論叢 (ISSN:03865266)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.20-30, 1976

著者

今井 直重

出版者

大谷学会

雑誌

大谷学報 (ISSN:02876027)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.16-34, 1952-11

著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要 (ISSN:0369321X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, 1956-04

著者

今井 直重

出版者

日本法政学会

雑誌

法政論叢 (ISSN:03865266)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.1-12, 1977

著者

今井 直重

出版者

日本法政学会

雑誌

法政論叢 (ISSN:03865266)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.A1-A7, 1975

著者

今井 直重

出版者

日本法政学会

雑誌

法政論叢 (ISSN:03865266)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.1-9, 1983

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This treatise comments the limit of the revision of the constitution of a state. First of all, we must distinguish the difference between the establishment of the constitution and its revision or amendment. The constitution-making power is an absolutely unlimited power and can establish any constitution that the state wants. But different from the constitution-making power, the constitution-revising competence is necessarily restricted by the principles and inherent spirit of the positive constitution of the state. Why the reason? Because we must, first of all, know the different charactor between the constitution-making power and constitution-revis-ing competence. That is, as a famous French constitutionalist, Si-eyes, 18ct., said, constitution-making power is an unconditional, unlimited, creative power (pouvoir constituant) and cannot be limited or conditioned by any other powers. But being distinguished from this, constitution-revising competence is merely a right in the region establishied by the constitution. So, to make the point clear, I will explain the purport as follows.- (1)Constitution-making power (pouvoir constituant) is creative, original and inherent power and cannot be limited by any other powers and so it is unlimited. (2)Constitution-revising competence (pouvoir constitue) is only a right of positive law and it is only a competence and cannot be

著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要 (ISSN:0369321X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.39-49, 1951-03

著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要 (ISSN:0369321X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.82-90, 1952-03

著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要 (ISSN:0369321X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, 1955-04

著者

今井 直重

出版者

大阪商業大学商経学会

雑誌

大阪商業大学論集 (ISSN:02870959)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.90-110, 1952-04

著者

今井 直重

出版者

大谷学会

雑誌

大谷学報 (ISSN:02876027)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.59-77, 1954-12

著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要 (ISSN:0369321X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, 1956-03

著者

今井 直重

出版者

奈良学芸大学

雑誌

奈良学芸大学紀要 (ISSN:0369321X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.63-86, 1953-12