著者

佐原 寿史 関島 光裕 山田 和彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本移植学会

雑誌

移植 (ISSN:05787947)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.016-023, 2015-03-10 (Released:2015-03-31)

参考文献数

49

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Although improvements in operative techniques and immunosuppressions have paved the way for increases in the organ donor pool through living donor kidney donations, a vast disparity remains between the number of organs available for transplantation and the demand. Indeed, though progress has been made in the fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell technologies, neither de novo nor regenerated tissues are currently capable of sustaining life in animal models. Xenotransplantation would provide an inexhaustible supply of donor organs. Although there have been reports of severe immunologic response between swine and humans, much progress has been made in the past decade largely because of advances in our understanding of the xenoimmunobiology of pig-to-nonhuman primate transplantation as well as the availability of pigs that have undergone genetic modifications, including the alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout (GalT-KO) swine. The results of preclinical transplantation studies with pig organs or cells have been encouraging when co-stimulatory blockade or more-advanced tolerance-inducing treatment strategies were used. In these studies, the survival times for heterotopic heart grafts were more than a year, for life-supporting kidneys it was approximately three months, and for islets, six months. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the field and discuss strategies for successful clinical trials of xenotransplantation.

著者

佐原 寿史 山田 和彦 長嶋 比呂志 伊達 洋至 清水 章

出版者

鹿児島大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2011-04-01

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ブタをドナーとする異種移植は、ドナー臓器不足に対する有力な解決策となる。腎臓や心臓では2か月超える異種臓器の生着が得られる一方、異種肺移植の生着は数時間から数日に留まる。本研究では、ブタ肺をヒト血液で灌流するex-vivoモデルやカニクイザルへ同所性左肺移植を行うモデルによって、GalT-KOブタ肺が超急性期の肺機能不全を回避しうること、ドナーへの一酸化炭素投与による血管内皮保護効果を介して、術後微小血管障害軽減が得られた。しかし異種移植肺は術後3日以内に血栓性微小血管障害による機能不全を呈したことから、長期効果を得るためには新たな遺伝子改変ブタを用いた治療方針の開発が望まれる結果となった。