著者

劉 羽虹 藤田 勝也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.1550-1558, 2021-05-30 (Released:2021-05-30)

参考文献数

13

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The purpose of this research is to clarify the actual condition of the last word “Tei” (亭) of the residence name that can be seen in the noble diaries from Heian to the early Kamakura period in Japan. In this paper, in addition to the noble diaries featured by Hoshi et al., “Suisaki” “Sankaiki” “Gumaiki” “Kanchuki” and “Sentogoishiburuiki” are newly considered. It is also necessary to compare “Tei” (亭) with “Tei” (第).Summarize the following research results.① In the 10th and 11th centuries, I reaffirmed Hoshi et al.’s claim that “Tei” (亭) are few and “Tei” (第) is heavily used. Also, “Tei” (第) was said to be used for the residence of high-ranking nobles, but according to “Shoyuki”, it was also applicable to “Tei” (亭).② Hoshi et al. claimed that “Tei” (亭) was heavily used from the middle of the 11th century, this was confirmed in this paper. Furthermore, As seen from the cases of residences “Tei” (亭), the court rank of residents was widely as “Tei” (第).③ The around 1100, namely from the latter half of the 11th century to the first half of the 12th century, it was a transitional period from the last word “Tei” (第) to “Tei” (亭) of residences, Since then, “Tei” (亭) was used more often than “Tei” (第).④ In the 12th century, “Tei” (亭) was supposed to be dominant, but in “Daiki” and “Gyokuyo”, “Tei” (第) is also used. And there was a difference in the tendency depending on the diaries.⑤ In the 13th century, either “Tei” (亭) or “Tei” (第) was not dominant, but both were used in the same way.⑥ In “Gonijomoromichiki” “Chuyuki” “Denryaku” “Sankaiki” and “Gyokuyo”, the owner’s residence uses more “Tei” (亭) than “Tei” (第), or only “Tei” (亭) was used. Specially “Gyokuyo”, that was thought to have used “Tei” (亭) selectively.In the 13th century, it is unusual for sticking use “Tei” (第) and not use “Tei” (亭) at all in “Inokumakanpakuki”. “Kanchuki” has the same tendency. May be influenced by the personality and writing habits of the writer. It is necessary to conduct detailed verification and analysis around “Tei” (亭) “Tei” (第) or the other residence words, and further expanding the times.

著者

劉 羽虹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.765, pp.2407-2415, 2019-11

著者

劉 羽虹 藤田 勝也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.1550-1558, 2021

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<p>The purpose of this research is to clarify the actual condition of the last word "Tei" (亭) of the residence name that can be seen in the noble diaries from Heian to the early Kamakura period in Japan. In this paper, in addition to the noble diaries featured by Hoshi et al., "Suisaki" "Sankaiki" "Gumaiki" "Kanchuki" and "Sentogoishiburuiki" are newly considered. It is also necessary to compare "Tei" (亭) with "Tei" (第).</p><p>Summarize the following research results.</p><p>① In the 10th and 11th centuries, I reaffirmed Hoshi et al.'s claim that "Tei" (亭) are few and "Tei" (第) is heavily used. Also, "Tei" (第) was said to be used for the residence of high-ranking nobles, but according to "Shoyuki", it was also applicable to "Tei" (亭).</p><p>② Hoshi et al. claimed that "Tei" (亭) was heavily used from the middle of the 11th century, this was confirmed in this paper. Furthermore, As seen from the cases of residences "Tei" (亭), the court rank of residents was widely as "Tei" (第).</p><p>③ The around 1100, namely from the latter half of the 11th century to the first half of the 12th century, it was a transitional period from the last word "Tei" (第) to "Tei" (亭) of residences, Since then, "Tei" (亭) was used more often than "Tei" (第).</p><p>④ In the 12th century, "Tei" (亭) was supposed to be dominant, but in "Daiki" and "Gyokuyo", "Tei" (第) is also used. And there was a difference in the tendency depending on the diaries.</p><p>⑤ In the 13th century, either "Tei" (亭) or "Tei" (第) was not dominant, but both were used in the same way.</p><p>⑥ In "Gonijomoromichiki" "Chuyuki" "Denryaku" "Sankaiki" and "Gyokuyo", the owner's residence uses more "Tei" (亭) than "Tei" (第), or only "Tei" (亭) was used. Specially "Gyokuyo", that was thought to have used "Tei" (亭) selectively.</p><p>In the 13th century, it is unusual for sticking use "Tei" (第) and not use "Tei" (亭) at all in "Inokumakanpakuki". "Kanchuki" has the same tendency. May be influenced by the personality and writing habits of the writer. It is necessary to conduct detailed verification and analysis around "Tei" (亭) "Tei" (第) or the other residence words, and further expanding the times.</p>

著者

劉 羽虹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.765, pp.2407-2415, 2019

被引用文献数

1

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<p> In ancient China, although the changing dynasties frequently, the architecture of "Den" has hardly changed. It is limited to the Emperor's residences. On the other hand, Japan's "Den" is regarding as originated from China, but the meaning of "Den" has changed greatly. Initially, the last word "Den" was limited to the residences of the Emperor's family, which resembles China, but it used in the residences of nobleman as the age declines. The Commons and differences are existing in the way of using "Den" between Japan and China. I would like to clarify the transition process of "Den" in Japan while considering the reason for those differences.</p><p> In this paper, I mainly use historical records and nobility diary 4 books, Nihonkiryaku, Hyakurensyo, Hontyoseiki, Shoyuki. I am conducting surveys by reading whole passages, as it has seen that the last word of the residence changed from "Tei" to "Den", "Den" to "Tei", or mixed use of "Den" and "Tei". So as to clarify the transition process of "Den", I gathered all the descriptions used in "Den" and "Tei" of the residences from historical materials, clarified the actual situation. Following information was revealed about the</p><p> ① The mixed use of "Den" and "Tei" starts in the Emperor ichijyo. Biwatei is the first example. Which is the Michinaga Fujiwara's residence, and serve as the Imperial Palace of Emperor itijou. There is an existence of Michinaga Fujiwara in the mixed background.</p><p> ② Since then, along with the Satoteirika, cases of mixed use of "Den" and "Tei" are increased. Such as Nijou, Kyogoku and Takakura. It is possible that the back of Satoteiri influenced the transformation of "Den".</p><p> ③ The increase in the number of "Den" and "Tei" mixed use is remarkable during the inseiki period. Despite being nyoin and Emperor's father, it uses "Tei" instead of "Den".</p><p> ④ On the other hand, in nobleman's residences and villas outside Heiankyo, "Den" used in place of "Tei". The location may be related to the deviation of the principle.</p><p> ⑤ The percentage of cases where the part that should be marked as "Tei" is larger than the case where the term "Tei" is marked as "Den". Den's transformation is "Den" closed to the "Tei", but we cannot treat them as the same, it will hinge on the content of the articles. This is a big difference from the last word of "Den" in China.</p><p> ⑥ Sanesuke Fujiwara was highly conscious of using "Den" and "Tei". However, did not thoroughly use it. The usage of "Den" runs in a groove.</p><p> The mixed use of "Den" and "Tei" was hit in the Heian period while Emperor itijou, Michinaga's period. The time when Japan's unique culture had developed against the cultures of the Nara period when China's influence was strong. During the period of the inseiki, the increase in mixed use of "Den" "Tei" also estimated as a reflection of urbanization of Heiankyo.</p>

著者

劉 羽虹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.765, pp.2407-2415, 2019 (Released:2019-11-30)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

---

In ancient China, although the changing dynasties frequently, the architecture of “Den” has hardly changed. It is limited to the Emperor's residences. On the other hand, Japan’s “Den” is regarding as originated from China, but the meaning of “Den” has changed greatly. Initially, the last word “Den” was limited to the residences of the Emperor’s family, which resembles China, but it used in the residences of nobleman as the age declines. The Commons and differences are existing in the way of using “Den” between Japan and China. I would like to clarify the transition process of “Den” in Japan while considering the reason for those differences. In this paper, I mainly use historical records and nobility diary 4 books, Nihonkiryaku, Hyakurensyo, Hontyoseiki, Shoyuki. I am conducting surveys by reading whole passages, as it has seen that the last word of the residence changed from “Tei” to “Den”, “Den” to “Tei”, or mixed use of “Den” and “Tei”. So as to clarify the transition process of “Den”, I gathered all the descriptions used in “Den” and “Tei” of the residences from historical materials, clarified the actual situation. Following information was revealed about the ① The mixed use of “Den” and “Tei” starts in the Emperor ichijyo. Biwatei is the first example. Which is the Michinaga Fujiwara’s residence, and serve as the Imperial Palace of Emperor itijou. There is an existence of Michinaga Fujiwara in the mixed background. ② Since then, along with the Satoteirika, cases of mixed use of “Den” and “Tei” are increased. Such as Nijou, Kyogoku and Takakura. It is possible that the back of Satoteiri influenced the transformation of “Den”. ③ The increase in the number of “Den” and “Tei” mixed use is remarkable during the inseiki period. Despite being nyoin and Emperor’s father, it uses “Tei” instead of “Den”. ④ On the other hand, in nobleman’s residences and villas outside Heiankyo, “Den” used in place of “Tei”. The location may be related to the deviation of the principle. ⑤ The percentage of cases where the part that should be marked as “Tei” is larger than the case where the term “Tei” is marked as “Den”. Den’s transformation is “Den” closed to the “Tei”, but we cannot treat them as the same, it will hinge on the content of the articles. This is a big difference from the last word of “Den” in China. ⑥ Sanesuke Fujiwara was highly conscious of using “Den” and “Tei”. However, did not thoroughly use it. The usage of “Den” runs in a groove. The mixed use of “Den” and “Tei” was hit in the Heian period while Emperor itijou, Michinaga’s period. The time when Japan's unique culture had developed against the cultures of the Nara period when China’s influence was strong. During the period of the inseiki, the increase in mixed use of “Den” “Tei” also estimated as a reflection of urbanization of Heiankyo.