著者

吉田 翔太郎

出版者

国立大学法人 東京大学大学院教育学研究科 大学経営・政策コース

雑誌

大学経営政策研究 (ISSN:21859701)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.127-142, 2023 (Released:2023-07-11)

参考文献数

19

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This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the establishment of higher education associations and the Bureau of Education in the United States, from the late 1880s to the early 1920s, which has not been previously clarified. For this purpose, after reviewing the number of associations established and the higher education-related initiatives of the bureau, the relationship between individual associations and the bureau was clarified with a focus on nine major associations. The results revealed that prior to the 1900s, a relationship was established in which the bureau took advantage of associations to promote its activities, including attendance at annual meetings, requests for cooperation in statistics through addresses, and personal exchanges. In some cases, the initiatives of the associations influenced the bureaus. From the 1910s onward, the relationship developed to the point where the bureau was involved in the associations right from their establishment; departments that were integrated with the associations were established, and the bureau itself led to the establishment of the association. Moreover, differences in the degree of interest between associations were also identified. Finally, these facts complement the interpretation of the relationship between the federal government and higher-education associations from the former's perspective, as presented in previous studies.

著者

吉田 翔太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.683-691, 2022 (Released:2023-04-25)

参考文献数

18

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本稿は、アメリカ女子高等教育の拡大及びジェンダー・バランシングに関する議論を概観し、それが抱える「障壁」を考察した。1980年代には「逆ジェンダーギャップ」現象が起きたが、2000年代初頭に女子の割合が頭打ちとなったため、新たな「女性差別」として女子学生数の調整が行われているという議論が起きた。しかし、能力・業績のみに基づく選考という代替案には、反人種アファーマティブ・アクション派の主張と軌を一にするという「障壁」が存在する。