著者

出村 嘉史 大井 晴奈

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.774, pp.1673-1681, 2020 (Released:2020-08-30)

参考文献数

9

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The statutory city planning system, which had created uniform standards throughout the country, had been about to leach to small autonomies such as local towns and villages after more than a decade since its beginning. This paper focuses on Ohi Town, Ena County (present Ena City) in the process by which the city planning method was applied. In 1924, the Ohi Dam, a large-scale dam-type hydroelectric power plant, was built, and a sightseeing tour with boats using this dam lake started. This period coincided with the time when public works such as roads in Ohi Town became prosperous, and the period of forming of the city planning for town and village according to the revised City Planning Act of 1933. This study clarifies that the series of infrastructure developments in the early Showa era in Ohi Town was to create a system for practicing a new industry with the perspective of local management, with absorbing the intentions of the Home Ministry and prefecture from the viewpoint of city (regional) planning. As a result of evaluating and organizing the remaining primary materials and newspaper articles, the following became clear. In Ohi Town, a tourist business using a new dam lake was developed. Ohi Town operated the town-run tourism independently from 1930 to 1936, and steadily managed even during the Japanese severe recession. This was because the town mainly invested public expenses and human resources into the construction of the forest park and the 6-ken width road which was the approach to the park, both were promoted at the same time. While the Kita-Ena Railway, which worked on tourism using a light railway for the construction of the Ohi Dam, failed clearly in a short term, Ohi Town found its way into the tourism and worked with all its strength. This intention also be reflected in the fact that Ohi Town helped to build an important traffic line for the neighboring Hirukawa village in order to make the tourism monopolized by Ohi Town. This tourism was privatized in 1936, and the business for the future was set up as a new public-private partnership industry that could be managed by the private sector. Regarding the revision of the City Planning Act in 1933, what might be important for the region was that small local governments awakened to local management such as Ohi Town were treated as applicable. As a result, Akira Ando, engineer of the City Planning Gifu Regional Committee, was preparing to establish a forest park and designate scenic districts prior to establishment of the town and village city planning system. Reijo Oya, engineer of the City Planning Osaka Local Committee and Ando made infrastructure plans such as the forest park with access by a scenic drive that would give excellent prospects. Based on Ohi Town's request, they shared their vision for the future to realize an ideal regional plan. That is, Ohi Town, which wanted to establish a set of infrastructure for promoting the sightseeing business as a new industry, and a group of engineers from Home Ministry who aimed to realize an ideal regional plan in the region shared the projects with different objectives, and realized steadily without waiting for a decision by the City Planning Act.