著者

大熊 治生

出版者

西田哲学会

雑誌

西田哲学会年報 (ISSN:21881995)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.73-81, 2009 (Released:2020-03-23)

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Nishida Kitaro, summarizing his viewpoint of his earlier period, wrote that his standpoint was close to that of Fichte’s “consciousness”. And from this standpoint he treated the problem of differences and relations between knowledge, feeling, will, and then the world of art and that of moral. In his book ‘Art and Moral’he analyses the concepts of “aesthetic feeling”and “aesthetic imagination”by discussing the theories of Th.Lipps and H.Cohen. The principle which unites the “empathy”of H.Cohen and “anticipation of perception”is the principle of “anticipation of will” or “anticipation of action”by Nishida. According to Nishida, the real existence becomes cultural phenomenon when connected with the principle of “anticipation of action”as empathy, and then the real existence works freely. Thus aesthetic feeling is provided as working of actual will or as the expression of the stream of life in the artistic creation. From this definition come out two directions, that is “the standpoint of absolute will”and “action as an artistic creation”. The latter is connected with the concept of “active intuition”, which means “to see by working”. This concept can also be understood by the method of Japanese artistic training “KATA”or “ideal form”, or Buddhistic concept “GEDATSU” or “Nirvana through training”. In Nishida’s later writings, all the spiritual human activities and cultures are based on religious existence and woven into history.

著者

大熊 治生

出版者

西田哲学会

雑誌

西田哲学会年報 (ISSN:21881995)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.94-109, 2018 (Released:2020-01-29)

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In the works of Kitaro Nishida,“action”had been the most important concept from his earlier period. In his later period he built up the concept of “active intuition”as the fundamental way of existence. From the concepts “theoria”and“poiesis”of Plotinos, he made up the concept of“intuition”and “action”.“Action”and“intuition”coincide in the Self. To act means to see, i.e. to intuit. So he calls it“active intuition”.“Action”and“intuition”arise from the Body of the Self as the expression of Life. Body means instrument for the acting Self. When the Self works on the outside world, the outside world as the environment defines the Self, mutually. The environment means nature and the society, i.e. the world. The Self, expressing itself, acts on the world, and the world defines the Self. Nishida calls this mutual action or definition between the self and the world“dialectic”. The structure of the world and that of the self is also“dialectic”. Our action as“active intuition” arises from the bottom of the world which defines itself expressively. It is the act of self definition of the historical world. The historical world defines itself by the active intuition.

著者

大熊 治生

出版者

美学会

雑誌

美學 (ISSN:05200962)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.3, pp.85-87, 2001-12-31