著者

小畠 廉生 斎藤 卓

出版者

日本スポーツ運動学会

雑誌

スポーツ運動学研究 (ISSN:24345636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.87-101, 2022-12-26 (Released:2023-10-16)

参考文献数

46

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Gymnastics techniques change over time. The technique and value of each element in the gymnastics have also been changing. We cannot understand the elements and techniques that are currently being practiced without recognizing the values that have been shared and developed historically, nor can we predict the direction of future development without doing those. In order to understand the value associated with gymnastics development, it is necessary to research the historical transition of elements and techniques that has ever occurred. The evolution of elements and techniques up to around 1970 was described in “Coaching of Artistic Gymnastics” (Kaneko,1974). However, the historical evolution of elements and techniques since then has not been well studied.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the development trends and changes in techniques, consider the factors behind the occurrence of techniques due to changes in scoring rules and equipment, and predict the future developments by focusing on the support forward swing system on the parallel bars, one of the gymnastic techniques.As a result, the following results were obtained.1. In the 1970s, changes made to the code of points brought about an appreciation of the technology brought to “back support”. As a result, several new elements were developed for “back support.”2. In the 1990s, there was a good balance between the original technical development and the structural complexity technical development.3. In the 1990s, there was a bias towards technical development that made exsting techniques structurally complicated, but that trend has also plateaued.4. In the 2000s, only one new elements occurred, and technological development has been stagnant.5. After 2010, technological development continued to stagnate, with new element occurring at a rate of only one every 10 years.